Parascaris

Parascaris

Toxocara

Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018

The family Ascarididae encompasses a number of intestinal roundworm genera, the most well known of which are Angusticaecum, Ascaris, Baylisascaris, Hexametra, Parascaris, Porrocaecum, Seuratascaris, Toxascaris, and Toxocara.

Mary Jane Hogue (1883–1962): A pioneer in human brain tissue culture

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Journal Information

Published in Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 2018

Steven J. Zottoli, Ernst-August Seyfarth

Hogue received an Alumnae Association Fellowship of the Woman’s College of Baltimore to work with the developmental biologists Theodor Boveri (1862–1915) and his wife Marcella, née O’Grady (1863–1950), in Würzburg, Germany (McKusick, 1985). Hogue was one of a select group of women in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries who went to Germany to obtain an advanced degree at a time when women faced substantial obstacles (e.g., Hyde, 1938; Singer, 2003; Zottoli & Seyfarth, 1994). Despite the fact that women were only allowed to audit courses in Würzburg (and not enroll as regular students), Hogue was fortunate to be in the supportive research environment of Theodor Boveri’s laboratory. She arrived in Germany in the fall of 1907 and started experiments on fertilized roundworm eggs (Parascaris sp.). She centrifuged the eggs to change the distribution of putative substances in the cytoplasm and position of the nucleus. Her experiments and those later conducted by Boveri implicated the role of cytoplasmic factors (and “gradients”) for protection and possibly for determination of germ cells (Zottoli & Seyfarth, 2015). She completed her stay in Würzburg with a Ph.D. in 1909.

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Toxocara

Mary Jane Hogue (1883–1962): A pioneer in human brain tissue culture