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Listeria monocytogenes
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Rahat Wadhwa Desai, Lisa M. Trimble
Listeria spp. belong to the bacteria kingdom, firmicutes phylum, and Listeriaceae family.32 Prior to 2009, only six Listeria species were recognized, and between 2009 and 2013, 10 species were known to exist in the genus Listeria, namely, L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L. seeligeri, L. grayi, L. welshimeri, L. ivanovii, L. rocourtiae, L. marthii, L. weihenstephanensis, and L. fleischmannii.33 In 2014, five new nonpathogenic species, L. floridensis, L. aquatica, L. cornellensis, L. riparia, and L. grandensis, and in 2015 another two, L. newyorkensis and L. booriae, were added to the genus.33,34 Out of the 17 valid Listeria species, L. monocytogenes is most frequently linked to listeriosis in humans, although L. ivanovii and L. seeligeri are occasionally implicated in human illnesses.35,36 This suggests that about 18% of Listeria species are potentially pathogenic to humans or animals or both, while the remainder (∼82%) are essentially avirulent.37
Gut metagenomic characteristics of ADHD reveal low Bacteroides ovatus-associated host cognitive impairment
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Yan Li, Haiting Sun, Yufen Huang, Anqi Yin, Linjuan Zhang, Jiao Han, Yixuan Lyu, Xiangzhao Xu, Yifang Zhai, Huan Sun, Ping Wang, Jinyang Zhao, Silong Sun, Hailong Dong, Feng Zhu, Qiang Wang, Luis Augusto Rohde, Xuefeng Xie, Xin Sun, Lize Xiong
We further compared the numbers of significantly different bacterial taxa among the three groups: C-ADHD vs. HCs (70), I-ADHD vs. C-ADHD (34), and I-ADHD vs. HCs (24) (Figure 3a). The patterns of bacterial differences between C-ADHD and HCs and between C-ADHD and I-ADHD were largely shared (Figures 3a, b). Thirteen gut bacterial taxa that were more abundant in HCs than in patients with C-ADHD were also enriched in patients with I-ADHD. The bacterial taxa that were enriched in both the HCs and the I-ADHD subgroup were Rhizobiales, Oscillospiraceae, Bilophila, Oscillibacter, Subdoligranulum, Bacteroides cellulosilyticus, Bacteroides fluxus, Bacteroides nordii, Bacteroides ovatus, Lachnospiraceae bacterium, Bilophila wadsworthia, Oscillibacter unclassified, and Subdoligranulum unclassified. The other 5 bacterial taxa (Listeriaceae, Prevotellaceae, Veillonellaceae, Listeria, and Listeria marthii) were more abundant in patients with C-ADHD than in patients with I-ADHD or HCs. Together, these data provide preliminary evidence of greater dissimilarity in the gut microbial composition between patients with C-ADHD and HCs than between patients with I-ADHD and HCs. Notably, patients with C-ADHD can be distinguished from patients with I-ADHD by different gut microbiota profiles.