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Pediatric Hematocolpos
Published in Botros Rizk, A. Mostafa Borahay, Abdel Maguid Ramzy, Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Gynecologic Emergencies, 2020
Omar M. Abuzeid, Mostafa I. Abuzeid
Congenital agenesis of the lower vagina is a rare disorder in adolescent females. Patients with this anomaly will present with lower abdominal pain and accumulation of blood in the vagina proximally. Embryologically, this is due to the absence of the urogenital sinus contributing to the lower vagina. Females are left with a proximal vagina as well as uterus and cervix. Eventually and with time, menses will accumulate in the proximal part of the vagina (hematocolpos) followed by the uterus (hematometra). If the diagnosis is not made early enough, the blood can also accumulate in the fallopian tubes due to retrograde menstruation (hematosalpinx).
The Ovaries and the Adnexa
Published in Arianna D'Angelo, Nazar N. Amso, Ultrasound in Assisted Reproduction and Early Pregnancy, 2020
Kuhan Rajah, Dimitrios Mavrelos
Variations of a hydrosalpinx include a pyosalpinx (Figure 4.16) and a hematosalpinx (Figure 4.17). The first can remain beyond the acute phase of inflammation due to PID and be sterile. The second is commonly seen during menstruation with reflux of menstrual blood into the occluded fallopian tube.
Congenital anomalies of the reproductive tract
Published in Joseph S. Sanfilippo, Eduardo Lara-Torre, Veronica Gomez-Lobo, Sanfilippo's Textbook of Pediatric and Adolescent GynecologySecond Edition, 2019
Maggie Dwiggins, Veronica Gomez-Lobo
Pregnancy following vaginal septum excision is not well documented in the literature. One review suggested a mid to high septum was directly correlated with infertility, possibly due to increased risk of prolonged obstruction and damage caused by hematosalpinx or endometriosis.4 However, several other studies have shown a 100% pregnancy rate in those who attempted pregnancy, suggesting there is no detrimental impact on fertility.4,17 There is no suggested mode of delivery, with roughly 50% of patients undergoing cesarean section and 50% vaginal delivery.16,17
Management of partial vaginal agenesis according to the Wharton-Sheares-George technique – a long-term follow-up
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020
Xuyin Zhang, Xiaoyan Tang, Yan Ding, Keqin Hua
Under a general anaesthesia and catheterised bladder, the patient was in the lithotomy position. In the connective tissue plane between the bladder and rectum, the vestiges of the Müllerian ducts were identified. With the index finger in the rectum as a direction and protection (do not break the bulging), Hegar’s dilators of increasing size (4.5–10) were pushed through the dimples gently. Then, the central septum was cut, and partial vaginoplasty was completed. After that, the hematocolpos was palpated at the site of the blind-ending pouch. The pouch was incised and the accumulated blood was evacuated. Then, the exposed upper normal vaginal mucosa was mobilised to the perineum and sutured with the vulvar mucosa. A vaginal mould was placed in the neovagina for 3 months. A laparoscopy was performed if ovarian endometrial cysts and hematosalpinx were diagnosed preoperatively.
From β-hCG values to counseling in tubal pregnancy: what do women want?
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2019
Lorenzo Sabbioni, Emanuela Carossino, Filiberto Maria Severi, Stefano Luisi
In tubal EPs, the approach to the measurement on ultrasound scan should be standardized to provide estimates in size that better correlate with clinical practice, for both the conservative and surgical management. Moreover, the hematosalpinx is associated with a higher risk of adverse outcome such as tubal rupture and hemorrhage, and must be constantly reported in the notes. An accurate estimate is also a relevant data in case of surgical management and reporting only the size of the celomic cavity will highly likely underestimate the true size of ectopic. An underestimation or an incorrect measurement may lead to a less aggressive approach resulting in a delay in carrying out the surgical procedure.
A case report of first hearing loss, then painful menarche: a young girl with Herlyn–Werner–Wunderlich syndrome (OHVIRA syndrome) and concomitant inner ear anomalies
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2021
Ayşe Ö. Balık, Buket Yağcı, Murat Özoğul, Fisun Vural
Next, the abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scan was performed. CT showed that the left kidney was absent (Figure 1(A)). It also showed the presence of hematometra, hematosalpinx (diameter was approximately 7 cm) and hematocolpos (diameter was approximately 6 cm) on the left side and uterus didelphys (Figure 1(B,C)). The patient was referred to the gynaecology department and was followed after performing vaginal septum resection for therapeutic purposes.