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Syphilis
Published in Shiv Shanker Pareek, The Pictorial Atlas of Common Genito-Urinary Medicine, 2018
In rare cases, the following conditions may give false-positives to these high-specificity tests, but the less-sensitive non-treponemal tests should be negative: Lyme disease.yaws (a disease caused by a subspecies of the syphilis bacterium, T. pallidum pertenue).pinta (a disease caused by the bacterium T. pallidum carateum).leptospirosis (also called Weil’s disease).rat-bite fever (caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis or Spirillum minus bacteria).pregnancy.
H
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Haverhill Fever Erythemia athriticum epidemicum caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. A type of rat bite fever first described by Parker and Hudson during an epidemic at Haverhill, Massachusetts in 1926. Edwin Hemphill Place also gave a description of the disease in the same year.
Rural diseases
Published in Jim Cox, Iain Mungall, Rural Healthcare, 2017
The causative organism is Streptobacillus moniliformis. Infection is usually through a rat bite, but can occur without a bite in rat-infested buildings. Contaminated milk or water has been suspected as the route of transmission in outbreaks. Incubation is 3–10 days.
Rat bite fever: some comments on a case report review
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2023
Secondly, rat bites account for approximately 1% of animal bites, with the risk of Streptobacillus moniliformis infection following a bite is about 10% [4]. RBF incidence must be largely underestimated due to frequent misdiagnoses (e.g. viral illness or rheumatologic disease), specialized techniques required to recover the microorganism from cultures, and lack of obligatory reporting of RBF infections [5]. Recently, various publications have suggested that Streptobacillus spp. might be far more common than previously thought [6]. The recent findings of Kache et al. (2020) of all cases reported in the period 2001–2015 in the United States reinforce that rat bite fever is rare, yet suggest it occurs more frequently than previously demonstrated in the review of 65 cases by Elliott in 2007 [6,7].
Erosive polyarthritis caused by sepsis due to a novel species of Streptobacillus notomytis
Published in Modern Rheumatology Case Reports, 2020
Takeshi Kusuda, Asami Ryoko, Masuda Yoshishige, Masashi Tanaka, Atsushi Yoshida, Ken Kikuchi, Takahiko Sugihara
Rat-bite fever (RBF) is a zoonotic infection mainly caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis, and it is characterized by fever, rash, arthralgia and arthritis. S. moniliformis is commonly found in the nasal and oropharyngeal flora of rats. It can be transmitted by exposure to the excreta or saliva from an infected or colonized rat [1]. All age groups are susceptible to RBF, and healthy individuals can contract the disease [2]. Septic arthritis due to RBF is rare and has been previously described as non-suppurative [3]. However, several cases of septic arthritis caused by S. moniliformis have been reported, and most cases have been reported to have polyarthritis including small joints [2,4]. The mortality among untreated patients with S. moniliformis infection is approximately 10% [1]. RBF has become less common in developed countries as public hygiene has improved. However, in 2005, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported two fatal cases of RBF, demonstrating that RBF is still an important disease [5]. Here, we present a case of erosive polyarthritis caused by RBF due to Streptobacillus notomytis, a novel species isolated from S. moniliformis and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.
Rat bite fever: a case report review
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2022
Marie Coessens, Emmanuel De Laere
Streptobacillus moniliformis, a common representative of the nasopharyngeal flora of rodents, is the causative agent of the zoonosis rat bite fever. The clinical presentation with fever, migratory polyarthralgias and fluctuating skin rash encompasses a broad differential diagnosis. Due to the fastidious nature of the organism, sensitivity of standard microbiological culture is limited. The zoonosis has a potentially lethal course in a vulnerable population (children and low socioeconomic class) and a commonly available standard therapy (penicillin). This case report review outlines common epidemiological and clinical factors to improve clinical awareness and timely response to therapeutic actions.