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Chronic Idiopathic Constipation
Published in Kevin W. Olden, Handbook of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2020
Idiopathic constipation in children is frequently associated with fecal impaction and dilatation of the rectum and sigmoid colon (4). Many have slow colonic transit, usually in the distal colon and rectum (17), which is consistent with either voluntary withholding behavior or an anorectal disorder. Abdominal pain is not prominent, stools are large and infrequent, and defecation is often uncomfortable. In children with severe retention, fecal soiling may develop. Several reports indicate that many constipated children with fecal soiling exhibit pelvic-floor dyssynergia (16,18). This may be a learned behavior which is acquired at an earlier age, perhaps when attempts to evacuate a large fecal bolus were associated with anal discomfort or a fissure (see below).
Global prevalence and international perspective of paediatric gastrointestinal disorders
Published in Clarissa Martin, Terence Dovey, Angela Southall, Clarissa Martin, Paediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2019
Shaman Rajindrajith, Niranga Devanarayana, Marc Benninga
Fibre is an important component in the human diet. It is recommended that a child should take a reasonable amount of fibre-containing foods in his or her diet (age + 5 g per day). Fibre is known to improve stool frequency, stool volume and colonic transit time (Davis et al., 1986). Several studies have shown a low-fibre diet as a risk factor for developing constipation in children. Two studies from Asia noted low mean intake of dietary fibre in young children with functional constipation, especially in terms of fruits and vegetables (Chao et al., 2008). In addition, another study has also shown an association between constipation and consumption of fast food, which is known to be low in fibre (Tam et al., 2012). Therefore, a diet low in fibre is a significant risk factor for developing functional constipation in children.
Association of the Anal Position Index (API) with constipation
Published in Cut Adeya Adella, Stem Cell Oncology, 2018
H.A. Sinuhaji, E. Azlin, Supriatmo, A. Rahmad, A. Sinuhaji, A.B. Sinuhaji
A systematic review conducted in 2011, resulting from 19 articles, investigated the prevalence of constipation in children. The median value rate was 12% (Mugie et al., 2011). A review article from China found that the mean value of prevalence rate in the paediatric population was 18.8% (Chu et al., 2014). In this study, the incidence of constipation was 16.7%.
The Prevalence of Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction in Children with Cerebral Palsy and its Association with Motor, Cognitive, and Autonomic Function
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2023
Moriah Baram, Luba Zuk, Tohar Stattler, Michal Katz-Leurer
When looking at the CP population, there is a high incidence of bladder and bowel (BBD) dysfunction,3 with continence achieved later, compared to the general population.4 BBD includes daytime and nighttime enuresis, urinary urgency or frequency, encopresis (fecal soiling), chronic and functional constipation, and pain in the lower abdominal area and pelvis.5 In children with typical development, the incidence of daytime enuresis by 12 years old was between 2–19.2%.6 Additionally, nighttime enuresis was between 3–20% by ten years old.6 The incidence of constipation in children was 22.6%, and encopresis was 4.4%.5 In children with CP, the incidence of daytime enuresis ranges between 8.8–40.8% and nighttime enuresis between 6.5–25.5%.7 The incidence of fecal incontinence was 39.2–54%,7,8 and constipation was 26–74%.9
Is there any association between overweight, physical activity, fat and fiber intake with functional constipation in adolescents?
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2020
Maria Irisdalva P. Macêdo, Maria de Fátima M. Albuquerque, Soraia Tahan, Mauro Batista de Morais
Functional constipation is a gastrointestinal disorder that may appear at any age [1]. However, few studies have assessed the prevalence of constipation specifically in adolescents [2–6]. The prevalence varies between 15.4 and 31.6% [2–6]. Constipation in children exhibits a chronic pattern of evolution that may extend into adolescence and adulthood [7]. The etiology of constipation is complex and multifactorial due to the interaction of several biopsychosocial factors [1,8]. Although low-fiber diets are associated with constipation in children [9,10], this association has not been shown in adolescents [2,3]. Low dietary fiber and high fat intake are common findings among adolescents [2,3,11]. Low dietary fiber intake has also been found in adolescents who are overweight or obese [2].
The effects of connective tissue manipulation and Kinesio Taping on chronic constipation in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2018
Ceren Orhan, Ozgun Kaya Kara, Serap Kaya, Turkan Akbayrak, Mintaze Kerem Gunel, Gül Baltaci
There is limited evidence in physiotherapy care for constipation in children with neurodevelopmental diseases.[3,27] Furthermore, the published studies investigating the effects of the physiotherapy approaches for constipation have small sample sizes with no control group, and they include combine programs. Although CTM and KT are among the popular physiotherapy approaches and have been used for the treatment of bowel dysfunction because of the curative reflex and mechanical effects in adults, their use in children is not known. Establishing safe and noninvasive physiotherapy approaches sought by the patients and/or parents is essential to cope with this difficult situation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no randomized controlled trial (RCT) using CTM or KT in bowel dysfunction in children with CP. For these reasons, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CTM and KT on the symptoms of constipation including defecation frequency, the duration of defecation, stool type, the feeling of incomplete evacuation, and pain in children with CP. Furthermore, we aimed to establish the effects of CTM and KT on quality of life in children with CP. The primary hypothesis of the present study was that, in children with CP, CTM/KT application in addition to lifestyle advice would be much more effective in improving the symptoms of constipation and quality of life compared to lifestyle advice alone.