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Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Published in Dimitris Rigopoulos, Alexander C. Katoulis, Hyperpigmentation, 2017
Torello Lotti, Tommaso Tanini, Maja Kovacevic, Serena Gianfaldoni
Many types of inflammatory dermatoses or cutaneous injuries can cause PIH, including infections (viral exanthemas or fungal infection), trauma, allergic reactions (insect bites or contact dermatitis), phototoxic eruptions, papulosquamous diseases (psoriasis or lichen planus), hypersensitivity after medication (tetracycline, bleomycin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, busulfan, arsenicals, silver, gold, antimalarial drugs, hormones, and clofazimine), cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (especially erythrodermic variants), burns, and cosmetic procedures (Table 15.1).7,8 Other common causes of PIH, especially in black patients, are acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, impetigo, and pseudofolliculitis barbae. Among African Americans with pseudofolliculitis barbae, the prevalence of PIH is estimated between 45% and 83%.9,10 When PIH affects people with acne, it can sometimes also be triggered by aesthetic interventions (dermabrasion, chemical peels, or laser therapies).
The Principles and Medical Applications of Lasers and Intense-Pulsed Light in Dermatology
Published in Henry W. Lim, Herbert Hönigsmann, John L. M. Hawk, Photodermatology, 2007
The use of lasers and IPL systems for hair removal has expanded tremendously over the decade. This has mostly been used for cosmetic indications, which are covered in other chapters of this work. In addition, Table 1 lists some of the laser hair-removal options presently available. The benefits of this technology are expanding into medical arenas such as the treatment of inflammatory scalp disorders such as pseudofolliculitis barbae, dissecting cellulites, and scarring alopecias (Fig. 5). Since many of these conditions involve an immune response to the hair, treatments that target the hair often improve the condition. Given the fact that these diseases target people of color, the longer wavelength, long-pulsed lasers have added new treatment options for these diseases. Treatment for pseudofollicultis has been documented in a randomized clinical trials (17), whereas treatment for the other conditions has not. All these conditions can often be quite disabling. There are reports of prolonged remissions of these conditions with long-pulse Nd:YAG lasers (18).
Surgical management of giant acne keloidalis nuchae lesions
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2021
Laura I. Galarza, Camille A. Azar, Youssef Al Hmada, Abelardo Medina
Acne keloidalis nuchae also referred to as folliculitis keloidalis nuchae, is a condition associated with chronic inflammation and scarring of folliculitis [1]. This name continues to be utilized today to describe the condition in spite of evidence that true keloid formation does not occur in AKN [4]. AKN primarily occurs in young post-pubertal men of African descent, although instances of AKN affecting other ethnic groups have been described [5,6]. Even though the exact etiology remains to be elucidated, several authors have suggested androgen surges, inflammation, infection, trauma, genetic predisposition and ingrown hairs as inciting events in AKN development. Additionally, as seen in our patients, metabolic syndrome has previously been described as a predisposing factor [6]. Some studies compare AKN to pseudofolliculitis barbae hypothesizing that curved growth of the hair shafts into skin results in irritation with subsequent inflammation [7,8].
810 nm diode laser for hair reduction with Chill-tip technology: prospective observational analysis of 55 patients of Fitzpatrick skin types III, IV,V
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2020
Mukta Shriram Tulpule, Dhanashree Santosh Bhide, Pravin Bharatia, Nivedita Ujaoney Rathod
The treatment area of preference in female patients was upper lip (n = 10), upper lip and chin (n = 9), chin and neck (n = 8), and only chin (n = 6) (Figure 1(a,b)). The patients also sought treatment for other areas like sidelocks (n = 5), areola (n = 2), linea alba and bikini line (n = 1) hair removal in spina bifida (n = 1) (Figure 2(a,b)). In male patients, ear pinna (n = 1) and malar areas (n = 1), pseudofolliculitis barbae (n = 1) and pilonidal sinus (n = 1).