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Localized Pleural Tumors
Published in Philip T. Cagle, Timothy C. Allen, Mary Beth Beasley, Diagnostic Pulmonary Pathology, 2008
Andrew Churg, Timothy C. Allen
The characteristic immunochemical profile is immunopositivity with CD34 (Fig. 8), vimentin, CD99, and Bcl-2; and immunonegativity with S-100, actin, desmin, and keratin (4, 5); the latter is a particularly crucial observation for separating these tumors from localized or diffuse malignant mesotheliomas. The immunoprofile might also help distinguish solitary fibrous tumor from its differential diagnoses such as fibrosarcoma, heman-giopericytoma, and fibrous histiocytoma (7). While it appears that almost all of these tumors are CD34-positive (4, 5), care should be taken in interpreting this stain as CD34 positivity is not specific to solitary fibrous tumor and can be seen in schwannomas (which may present as localized pleural tumors, see below), neurofibromas, and some smooth muscle tumors (5). However, diffuse malignant mesotheliomas are CD34-negative. By electron microscopy, solitary fibrous tumor show nondescript spindled cells.
Bio-chemical markers of chronic, non-infectious disease in the human tear film
Published in Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2022
Sultan Alotaibi, Maria Markoulli, Jerome Ozkan, Eric Papas
Using mass spectrometry to study tears in Type II diabetes yields a large and complex array of possible protein markers. Of these, the extra cellular-binding protein lipocalin-1, the calcium-binding proteins, S100A8 and S100A9, as well as keratin 4 were found to be among those showing the greatest increases, compared to controls.18 In contrast, levels of B2 microglobulin (B2M), a protein found on the surface of almost all cells and considered to be a tumour biomarker,38 decreased. Other upregulated proteins included immunoglobulin lambda (IGL) and the cellular stress protector, heat shock protein 70.18