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Changing Circumstances and Diets
Published in Christopher Cumo, Ancestral Diets and Nutrition, 2020
Herbivores and carnivores’ specialization does not characterize omnivores, including humans, which differ from the others by feeding at more than one trophic level. To be sure, people may narrow their diets to one level, as do vegans mentioned in Chapter 1. Such restriction may be voluntary, though this book emphasizes that throughout history, poverty prevented commoners from affording meat. Biology does not, however, require abstinence from meat. To be sure, diseases may limit diets. Celiac disease, for example, prohibits consumption of wheat (Triticum monococcum, T. dicoccon, T. aestivum, and T. durum), rye (Secale cereale), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and triticale (Triticale hexaploide). Some with the malady cannot eat oats (Avena sativa). Yet even these cases neither prevent omnivory nor typify humanity.
Grass pollen allergens
Published in Richard F. Lockey, Dennis K. Ledford, Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy, 2020
The temperate zones are dominated by grasses belonging to the subfamily Pooideae, the largest subfamily of the Poaceae. The 14 major tribes, consisting of about 200 genera and 4200 species, are distributed across the world in relatively well-defined latitudinal belts, with the majority of genera found in the northern hemisphere. The center of pooid distribution is the Mediterranean area, and they have adapted to the cool and cold climates of the open steppe or meadows. They are virtually absent at low elevations in both humid and dry tropical areas. Species of Bromus, Poa, Festuca, and Agropyron can be found only at high altitudes in mountainous regions of tropical latitudes. The pooids account for approximately 70%–85% of the grasses in Canada and the northwestern United States, 40%–50% in the middle latitudes, and less 15%–25% in the southern United States. The cool-season turfgrasses representing this subfamily include the genera Poa (bluegrasses), Agrostis (bent grasses), Festuca (fescues), and Lolium (ryegrasses). These represent the major allergenic grass genera along with Dactylis (orchard grass), Phleum (timothy grass), and Anthoxanthum odoratum (vernal grass), which are common in meadows, pastures, and waste places. The subfamily also includes the important cultivated cereals Triticum aestivum (wheat), Secale cereale (rye), and Hordeum vulgare (barley).
Grass Pollen Allergens
Published in Richard F. Lockey, Dennis K. Ledford, Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy, 2014
The temperate zones are dominated by grasses belonging to the subfamily Pooideae. The major tribes, consisting of about 155 genera, are distributed across the world in relatively well-defined latitudinal belts with a majority of genera found in the Northern Hemisphere. The center of pooid distribution is the Mediterranean area and they have adapted to cool and cold climates of the open steppe or meadows. They are virtually absent at low elevations in both humid and dry tropical areas. Species of Bromus, Poa, Festuca, and Agropyron can be found only at high altitudes in the mountainous regions of tropical latitudes. The pooids account for approximately 70%–85% of the grasses in Canada and northwestern United States, 40%–50% in the middle latitudes, and less than 15%–25% in the southern United States. The cool-season turf grasses representing this subfamily include the genera Poa (bluegrasses), Agrostis (bent grasses), Festuca (fescues), and Lolium (ryegrasses). These represent the major allergenic grass genera along with Dactylis glomerata (orchard grass), Phleum pratense (timothy grass), and Anthoxanthum odoratum (vernal grass), which are common in meadows, pastures, and waste places. The subfamily also includes the important cultivated cereals Triticum aestivum (wheat), Secale cereale (rye), and Hordeum vulgare (barley).
Vasomotor symptoms and management of women undergoing treatment for breast cancer: literature review with focus on the therapeutic potential of cytoplasmic pollen extract
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2023
Stefano Lello, Ida Paris, Angelo Cagnacci, Donata Sartori, Salvatore Caruso, Aldo Iop
PCP is a non-hormonal nutraceutical containing two major active ingredients, a pure pollen extract (GC Fem) and a combined pollen and pistil extract (PI 82). PI 82 is an extract of pollen from Secale cereale, Dactylis glomerata, and Pinus silvestris and a pollen-pistil extract from Zea mays. GC FEM is an extract of pollen from S. cereale, Z. mays, and P. silvestris. The plants of origin are cultivated and harvested separately by plant type using a standardized method in accordance with the recommendations of the European Medicines Agency. The extraction procedure, performed according to Good Manufacturing Practice, removes the cytoplasmic pollen extract from its shell, which is highly allergenic, enabling the retention of the active pollen components. The exclusion of the shell also makes the active compounds highly bioavailable. The final pollen cytoplasm extract is highly purified and removes at least 180 nutrients and pollen allergens. The production procedures are standardized to ensure that different batches of PCP are reproducible.