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Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Petit, Jean Louis (1674–1750) Became a surgeon at the age of 16 at the Charité Hospital, Paris and performed the first mastoidectomy. He defined the inferior lumbar triangle (Petit triangle) bounded by external oblique and lattisimus dorsi muscles and the iliac crest.
Incisional lumbar hernia after the use of a lumbar artery perforator flap for breast reconstruction
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
Stijn Van Cleven, Karel Claes, Aude Vanlander, Koenraad Van Landuyt, Frederik Berrevoet
Lumbar hernias are a protrusion of intra-abdominal content through a weakness or rupture in the posterior abdominal wall. Lumbar hernias are relatively rare defects. They are anatomically bound by the 12th rib superiorly, the iliac crest inferiorly, the erector spinae muscle medially, and the external oblique muscle laterally [5–7]. Lumbar hernias may be congenital (20%) or acquired (80%). Acquired hernias are primary (spontaneous) or secondary following surgery, trauma, or infection. The lumbar region contains 2 well-defined areas of weakness: the superior lumbar or Grynfeltt triangle and inferior lumbar or Petit triangle [5,7]. However, in large incisional defects a hernia can affect the entire lumbar region. Most postoperative incisional hernias occur after nephrectomy, adrenalectomy, aortic aneurysm surgery, resection of abdominal wall tumors, but have also been described following iliac bone graft harvest and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap [6,8–10]. The prevalence of lumbar hernia after lumbotomy is ∼20–30% [6]. Its pathogenic mechanism may be explained by dissection of the subcostal nerve, which involves muscular atrophy. Lumbar hernia after harvesting a lumbar artery perforator flap has not yet been described.
Efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block versus erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing emergency laparotomies: A randomized, double-blinded, controlled study
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2022
Abeer Ahmed Mohammed Hassanin, Nagy Sayed Ali, Hassan Mokhtar Elshorbagy
Rafi originally developed the TAP block in 2001 as a landmark-based method using the Petit triangle to produce a field block [3]. It was done by injecting local anesthesia into the space between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles. While Borglum et al. 2011 were the first to introduce the bilateral dual TAP block as the four-point approach [4]. Bilateral subcostal and posterior TAP blocks are performed in each of the four TAP block quadrants. This procedure is relevant for patients having both open and laparoscopic operations since its analgesia involves the whole front abdominal wall, including the parietal peritoneum [5].