China
Africa
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The Asian Highway and Trans-Asian Railway networks
Published in Junyi Zhang, Cheng-Min Feng, Routledge Handbook of Transport in Asia, 2018
The AH and TAR networks have paved the way for the development of intermodal transport systems, which hold the promise to make the overall transport system economically and environmentally more efficient through the use of intermodal interfaces such as ICDs and dry ports. Such interfaces can increase the modal share of more resource-efficient transport modes and help to ease road traffic congestion and reduce emissions. Hanaoka and Regmi (2011) in their article, among other things, reviewed selected case studies of dry port development in Asia. As a case in point, the Birgunj rail-based ICD in Nepal handled 16,928 twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) of containers and 237,104 metric ton (MT) of cargo in 2008/09. AH42 in Nepal and the TAR rail link from Haldia port in India (Haldia-Kolkata-Sitarampur-Patna-Raxaul-Birgunj) serve the Birgunj ICD. In the absence of such an intermodal facility, all the freight would have had to be transported by road. The estimated savings in CO2 emissions for 2008/09 were 57,687 MT, which accounted for 82% of the total road emissions.
Transportation and mobility: products and services
Published in Jane Penty, Product Design and Sustainability, 2019
With such a clear environmental, health and economic case, increasing cycling’s modal share, especially in cities, has become an important objective of sustainable transport policy alongside walking and public transport. A key measure of modal share is based on what mode of transport people use most regularly to get to work or study. Although modal share varies hugely between regions and cities, the overall trend around the world shows that cycling has been steadily increasing in cities and towns since the millennium.
Fair street space allocation: ethical principles and empirical insights
Published in Transport Reviews, 2020
Felix Creutzig, Aneeque Javaid, Zakia Soomauroo, Steffen Lohrey, Nikola Milojevic-Dupont, Anjali Ramakrishnan, Mahendra Sethi, Lijing Liu, Leila Niamir, Christopher Bren d’Amour, Ulf Weddige, Dominic Lenzi, Martin Kowarsch, Luisa Arndt, Lulzim Baumann, Jody Betzien, Lesly Fonkwa, Bettina Huber, Ernesto Mendez, Alexandra Misiou, Cameron Pearce, Paula Radman, Paul Skaloud, J. Marco Zausch
The arrows in Figure 4 summarise a semi-quantitative and tentative interpretation of our discussion. The wellbeing perspective argues for more space for pedestrians, more precisely for streets as a place to be, e.g. for elderly and children, hence the increased space for pedestrians. The increase is only moderate as Berlin already provides decent space in many instances. Public transit gains little road space – in those instances where busses are stuck in congestion. The high road capacity of public transit translates into few additional space requirement. Cycling gets additional space, and associated higher modal share, reflecting the need for safety, the environmental benefits, and the high wellbeing associated with cycling. Road space for parking cars is reduced dramatically, reflecting its inefficient and unjust current allocation. In contrast, road space for moving cars is kept constant. The spatial reallocation to other modes imply reduced modal share and less congestion.
Shared-use rail corridors: a comparison of institutional perspectives in the United States and the European Union
Published in Transport Reviews, 2022
Michael Minn, Sylvia Brady, Julie Cidell, Keith Ratner, Andrew Goetz
The salient characteristic of shared-use corridors is their usage for both passenger and freight operations. Modal share within a particular service type (passenger vs. freight) is indicative of the relative importance of a particular mode at both the national and local scale, and is therefore indicative of the power that a service type has in contestation over a shared-use corridor.