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Data Analysis
Published in Paul L. Goethals, Natalie M. Scala, Daniel T. Bennett, Mathematics in Cyber Research, 2022
Raymond R. Hill, Darryl K. Ahner
Simulation modeling has long been a favored analytical approach, particularly in military settings (Hill & Miller, 2017). Simulation is a computer-based, or digital, representation of the physical system or process under examination. The simulation model abstracts the important features of the system or process of interest, represents those important features in a digital model designed to mimic the system or process, and then produces data representative of the output from the system or process of interest under the specified simulation conditions. Simulation is quite adept with complex systems or processes, when considering scenarios that might not be reasonably tested in an actual setting, or when trying to gain understanding into conceptual systems or processes.
Circuit Diagrams
Published in Kevin Robinson, Practical Audio Electronics, 2020
Circuit diagrams in the broad sense can cover a wide range of different circuit or system representations. At the most abstract, block diagrams can be used to conceptualise the high level functional blocks in a system, and the connections and signal flow between these blocks. Such representations may be referred to as block diagrams, functional block diagrams, signal flow diagrams, connection diagrams, etc. Moving to a more detailed design, the schematic diagram includes full details of which components are actually required in order to build the circuit in question, and the precise connections between all these components. Circuit schematics or schematic diagrams are often also referred to simply as circuit diagrams, and when this term is encountered in a general context, this kind of diagram is usually what it is being used to refer to. A schematic diagram defines how a circuit is to work, but does not provide a full blueprint to building it. The third and final class of circuit diagram adds physical layout information to the mix in the form of a breadboard, stripboard, or printed circuit board (PCB) layout diagram. These provide a representation which can be directly followed by a builder in order to construct the circuit, and are the usual end product of the initial circuit design process, before building, testing, and modification commences.
Simulation of Railway Vehicle Dynamics
Published in Simon Iwnicki, Maksym Spiryagin, Colin Cole, Tim McSweeney, Handbook of Railway Vehicle Dynamics, 2019
Oldrich Polach, Mats Berg, Simon Iwnicki
What does the term model validation mean? The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standards Committee on verification and validation in computational solid mechanics describes validation of computer simulation model as a two-step process [63]: Verification: The process of determining that a computational model accurately represents the underlying mathematical model and its solution.Validation: The process of determining the degree to which a model is an accurate representation of the real world from the perspective of the intended uses of the model.
Science as a game: conceptual model and application in scientific software design
Published in International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation, 2022
Francisco Queiroz, Maria Lonsdale, Rejane Spitz
Models are created across scientific fields to represent functional and structural aspects of researched phenomena, allowing scientists to elaborate innovative theories and experiments. Often initiated from cross-domain analogies, models can be represented as diagrams, visual representations, and/or mathematical formulae (Nersessian, 2008), and can also be used in design innovation and problem-solving (Bila-Deroussy et al., 2017). In this paper, we explore analogies between games and science to generate a conceptual model of scientific work – a task undertaken with the help of selected texts from history and philosophy of science, through which we identify systemic and ontological similarities between games and scientific practice. Furthermore, we describe a pilot study on the application of that model into workshops for designing solutions in scientific software, motivated by one of the investigators’ previous experience with scientific software, and also by the perception of that type of software as particularly challenging regarding usability – including installation, data input, poor documentation and lack of intuitiveness (List, Ebert, & Albrecht, 2017) – as well as the potential of gamification as a way of improving it.
Investigation of different cutting technologies in a ship recycling yard with simulation approach
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2022
Sefer Anil Gunbeyaz, Rafet Emek Kurt, Osman Turan
Simulation is the representation of operation, process or system in real world over time which allows predicting the steps and the problems at any stage (Banks 2005; Ljubenkov et al. 2008). It is widely used in the manufacturing industries to reduce production time and cost of the process and products. Problems encountered in the systems can be modelled, and different options can be tested with simulation methods. Simulation approach has been widely used to optimise the process in manufacturing industries, to increase the service quality in the hospital, to optimise the service and schedules of different transport methods (e.g. airport, train, metro), to increase the performance of call centres, and to design facilities in manufacturing and de-manufacture industries.
Defining requirements for an Augmented Reality system to overcome the challenges of creating and using design representations in co-design sessions
Published in CoDesign, 2020
Jamie O’Hare, Elies Dekoninck, Mendy Mombeshora, Philippe Martens, Niccolò Becattini, Jean-Francois Boujut
Design representations are of critical importance throughout the product development process in that they help to express design ideas and capture the proposed design in its current state of development and are updated as the design evolves over successive iterations. Previous research has shown that the type of design representation that is used can have a significant impact on the design process in terms of supporting or hindering communication (Billinghurst et al. 2003) and creativity (Atilola, Tomko, and Linsey 2016; Häggman et al. 2015). Practitioners therefore need to give careful thought to the type of design representation that they use, taking into account their objectives.