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String with Variable Length
Published in Subrata Ray, Fortran 2018 with Parallel Programming, 2019
Two strings may be compared with standard relational operators. The result of comparison is either true or false. The first non-matched character decides the issue. This was discussed in detail in Chapter 4. If the strings are of unequal length, blanks are added to the smaller string to make the length same as the bigger one. The comparison may be performed between v and v, c and v, v and c and c and c. use iso_varying_string type (varying_string) :: v, v1 character (len=4) :: c="iacs" logical :: l v="abcd" v1="efgh" l= v <= v1 l= v == v1 l= v > c if (v .eq. v1) then . else . endif
MATLAB Programming
Published in Timothy Bower, ®, 2023
Relational operators compare the relationship between two items and return either a true or false verdict. For example, using variables x and y we might write a logical expression to see if x is greater than y as x > y. We usually think of relational operators as comparing numeric values, but this is not always the case. For example, the alphabetical order of text strings could be compared as in ’’Bob’’ > ‘‘Bill’’. The relational operators are listed below.
R
Published in Phillip A. Laplante, Dictionary of Computer Science, Engineering, and Technology, 2017
relational operator an operator that returns a Boolean result based on a test between two values. Classically, arithmetic comparison operators such as less than, greater than, and equal are relational operators, but in languages that support them, operators such as set membership (“in”), subset relationships between sets (“⊆”), string relationships (“is an initial substring of, “is a substring of), and pattern matching are all relational operators.
A distributed Kalman filter with symbolic zonotopes and unique symbols provider for robust state estimation in CPS
Published in International Journal of Control, 2020
Christophe Combastel, Ali Zolghadri
A corollary to Definition 6.2 and the Theorem 6.3 is that independent symbolic zonotopes behave as classical zonotopes: whose related zonotope is , whose related zonotope is ,where the connective means ‘can be equivalently substituted for’. Indeed, there is no strict equality here since the unique symbol identifiers are not the same on both sides of the relational operator.
A rewriting system for convex optimization problems
Published in Journal of Control and Decision, 2018
Akshay Agrawal, Robin Verschueren, Steven Diamond, Stephen Boyd
The CVXPY problem toy has two scalar optimization variables, alice and bob. Every Variable object has stored in its value field a numeric value, which is unspecified upon creation; alice and bob can hold floating point values. The objective is to minimize a piecewise-affine function of alice and bob, where the function is represented with the max atom. Atoms are mathematical functions like square and exp that operate on CVXPY expressions. CVXPY implements as library functions dozens of atoms for users to use in constructing problems. The arguments to the max atom are Expression objects, which encode mathematical expressions. Constraint objects are created by linking two expressions with a relational operator (=, =, or ==). In the second-to-last line, the CVXPY problem toy is constructed, but not solved. Finally, an invocation to toy’s solve method solves the problem. A side-effect is that the value fields of the optimization variables present in the problem (alice and bob) are assigned values that minimize the objective while satisfying the constraints, and the return value of such a solve is the value of the objective function evaluated at the variable values. After invoking solve above, we find that alice.value == -0.5, bob.value == -0.5 and opt == 1.0. These values satisfy the two constraints, and among all such assignments, yield the smallest value of the objective function.
Voxel modeling and association of ubiquitous spatiotemporal information in natural language texts
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2023
Dali Wang, Xiaochong Tong, Chenguang Dai, Congzhou Guo, Yi Lei, Chunping Qiu, He Li, Yuekun Sun
Topological relation is of three types: adjacent, intersecting and separated. As the topological relation is generally constant, a fixed relational operator was used for modeling. Table 2 shows an example of the modeling process for topological relation. and in Table 2 are 3 × 3 Corrosion and Expansion Structural Elements, respectively (Castleman 1996).