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Pseudo-Three-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Migration
Published in E.A. Kozlov, Migration in Seismic Prospecting, 1990
If this limitation is not acceptable, one should perform prestack migration or include DMO correction at the first stage or replace CDP stack at the first stage by elliptical smearing of reflections (ESR; Kondrashkov, 1980). In the latter two cases, it is assumed that any value of φ is equally probable for the range −π/2⩽φ⩽π/2. In equation (6.28), φ depends only on the variables qηx and qηy. By definition, these quantities are projections of the wave vector ω/υ on the co-ordinate axes, so that kηx=ωvsinφcosψ,kηy=ωvsinφsinψ,
A seismic acquisition technique for the exploration of unconventional gas: An example from southeastern Shanxi Province, China
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2022
Xiaokang Yin, Dayong Zhen, Siwei Zhao, Tianyu Zhang, Mingkun Jia, Ibrar Iqbal, Lirong Zhang
The software uses Virieux’s stalled grid differential format to solve the elastic wave equations of two-dimensional inhomogeneous media to simulate acoustic waves and elastic waves propagating in inhomogeneity media. The condition of the full wave field is faster and more precise. The calculation of synthetic seismic records, wavefront time energy records, and wave field snapshots generate a series of seismic record results that are identical to actual production factors. These can guide interpretation or revise the defined models of geological concepts (shot records, stack profiles, migration profiles, and prestack depth migration profiles). The surface lithology on the survey line is divided according to current geological data and survey conditions. This serves as the basis for the analysis of the shallow surface structure by combining a single-wave micro-logging and crossing refraction method to grasp the variations in the velocity structure of the survey line and thickness of the low deceleration layer. The radii of the explosions are simultaneously calculated by the length of the column and the explosion theory to ensure the excitement of the entire faster column.