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Fire Safety in Design and Construction
Published in Peter M. Bochnak, Fire Loss Control, 2020
Fire partitions, in contrast to fire walls, generally enclose small areas of hazardous occupancies with the resistance ratings of generally 1 or 2 hr. While fire partitions can be of various materials, for cost reasons, fire resistance in many cases is obtained with the use of layers of gypsumboard either with metal or wooden studding. Metal studding is preferable, so that fire partitions are entirely of noncombustible construction. The fire resistance rating of the fir partitions should be sufficient for the combustible loading, with 1 hr usually required, but with greater ratings normally needed where ordinary combustible loading exceeds 20 lb/ft2 or flammable liquids exceed 10 lb/ft2.
Engineering Aspects
Published in Kenneth F. Cherry, Asbestos, 2020
This standard considers only those factors necessary to define building types. The requirements for partitions, fire separation partitions, shaft enclosures, and fire walls, other than bearing walls and partitions, are not related to the construction types and need to be specified in other standards and codes, where appropriate. It is also necessary for the user to consider the influence of location, occupancy, exterior exposure, possibility of mechanical damage to fire protection material, and other features which may impose additional requirements for safeguarding life and property, as commonly covered in building codes.
Cultural Differences between Materials Science and Image Processing
Published in Jeffrey P. Simmons, Lawrence F. Drummy, Charles A. Bouman, Marc De Graef, Statistical Methods for Materials Science, 2019
Mary Comer, Charles A. Bouman, Jeffrey P. Simmons
We could also separate B4 into two sets, one containing only the real entries B4ℝ={−1,1} and one containing the imaginary entries B4I={−i,i}. But, we have done more than this. We have divided B4 into two disjoint sets, i.e., sets that do not overlap: B4ℝ∩b4I=∅, where the symbol ∅ enotes the empty set. This is a special case of a derived collection called a partition, in this case, {B4ℝ,B4I}. A partition is a collection of disjoint sets that, when unioned together forms the original set. If we were to recombine the sets, the appropriate way to write this is:
How salutogenic workplace characteristics influence psychological and cognitive responses in a virtual environment
Published in Ergonomics, 2023
Lisanne Bergefurt, Rianne Appel-Meulenbroek, Theo Arentze
Open-plan offices (i.e. shared rooms with groups of workstations) (Bodin Danielsson et al. 2008) have gained attention because they were believed to increase communication and collaboration between employees (Yunus and Ernawati 2018). However, research shows that open-plan offices often lack a sense of visual and acoustic privacy, which may result in several health-related responses, including reduced productivity (Haynes, Suckley, and Nunnington 2017) and increased stress levels (Jahncke et al. 2011). In general, the impact of open-plan offices can be divided into two approaches. First, the socio-relations approach explains that the removal of partitions between workstations results in more social relations between employees, increasing their satisfaction and engagement (Yunus and Ernawati 2018). Second, according to the socio-technical approach, partitions are necessary to provide employees with a sense of privacy and to reduce the experience of distractions. As a result, employees feel more concentrated and productive (Yunus and Ernawati 2018).