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Interpretation of Contract
Published in B. S. Patil, S. P. Woolhouse, B.S. Patil’s Building and Engineering Contracts, 7th Edition, 2019
What does interpretation of a provision in a contract mean? Interpretation is the method by which the sense or meaning of a word, phrase or a provision is understood. The question of interpretation can arise only if two or more possible meanings are sought to be placed on a contractual provision – one party suggesting one construction and the other, a different one.1 It is, therefore, in the best interest of all the parties to a contract that they express their intention clearly, and without ambiguity. However, for various reasons the meaning of a contract or some of its terms is often obscure. More often than not this becomes a source of dispute between the parties. In order to settle such a dispute, the disputed term or provision has to be interpreted or given a proper meaning.
Model-Based Development of Automotive Embedded Systems
Published in Nicolas Navet, Françoise Simonot-Lion, Automotive Embedded Systems Handbook, 2017
Martin Törngren, DeJiu Chen, Diana Malvius, Jakob Axelsson
Modeling and programming languages are defined using the concepts of syntax and semantics, and in more detail in terms of an abstract syntax, a concrete syntax, and its interpretation [79]. The abstract syntax defines the concepts, relationships, integrity constraints, and model composition principles available in the language, thus determining all the syntactically correct models that can be built. The concrete syntax defines the form of visualization; graphical, textual, or both. The interpretation defines the meaning of the entities of the language and the resulting models, that is, its semantics. The definition of a language’s abstract and concrete syntax is sometimes called its metamodel. A meta–meta model is a modeling language that can be used to define different metamodels. This terminology is used by the Object Management Group (OMG), see Ref. [36], and is exemplified by the definition of meta-object facility (MOF) (the OMG [107]), upon which the definition of the UML2 is based.
Transport Phenomena of Electrolytes in Aqueous Solutions: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques
Published in Shrikaant Kulkarni, Neha Kanwar Rawat, A. K. Haghi, Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, 2020
Ana C. F. Ribeiro, Eduarda F. G. Azevedo, Ana Paula Couceiro Figueira, Victor M. M. Lobo
It is always convenient to keep in mind that all TP are macroscopic ones and that only with these data, it is not possible to understand the nature of the forces that bind the species, constituting these aqueous systems. Their interpretation can be made on the basis of models or theories. However, we would say that what normally is more important for the knowledge of the structure of the electrolyte solutions is the thermodynamic behavior of the involved species, not so much the complex question of the nature of their internal binding forces.
Defeasible linear temporal logic
Published in Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics, 2023
Anasse Chafik, Fahima Cheikh-Alili, Jean-François Condotta, Ivan Varzinczak
Let be an -satisfiable sentence and be an interpretation such that . Let be the pseudo-interpretation of I over the finite sequence N such that , and be the induced interpretation from . Let be the finite preferential structure where , for each and . Let be the induced interpretation from S. We have the following: and for each ;for every , we have iff .
A categorical approach to graded fuzzy topological system and fuzzy geometric logic with graded consequence
Published in Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics, 2022
Purbita Jana, Mihir K. Chakraborty
An interpretationI consists of a set D, called the domain of interpretation;an element for each constant ;a function for each function symbol ;a fuzzy relation for each predicate symbol i.e. it is a fuzzy subset of .
Reconstructor: a computer program that uses three-valued logics to represent lack of information in empirical scientific contexts
Published in Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics, 2020
First of all, if an atomic contains a term that fails to denote, the sentence will get truth value 0.5 or indeterminate (otherwise, the classical clause for atomics is used). Evaluating sentences with a connective as its main symbol is a bit more complicated. We do not want every sentence that contains a subformula with value 0.5 to get value 0.5. The intuitive interpretation of value 0.5 for a sentence is that the sentence has a definite truth value (true or false) which we do not know, because of some epistemic or empirical limitation. This contrasts with interpretations of the indeterminate value as the lack of a truth value (e.g. for sentences that could be considered meaningless, such as semantic paradoxes or grammatically incorrect sentences), where that behaviour might be more appropriate – Bochvar’s (1938) three-valued matrices are sometimes deployed for this purposes.