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Technology, competitiveness and offsets valuation
Published in Kogila Balakrishnan, Technology Offsets in International Defence Procurement, 2018
A prominent feature of high technology industry is associated geographical cluster effect. Industrial clustering has been identified as an effective way of nurturing high technology industries to stay competitive (Porter, 1990, pp. 346– 352; Chandra and Kolavalli, 2006, pp. 19–22). Government support is crucial in trying to push forward risky but potentially productive projects that would not otherwise materialise. Governments assist in identifying market opportunities, fostering local innovation capacities, and making public investments in new technology and private enterprises – the very reason why governments use tools such as offsets as a means to fund such high technology projects (Mowery and Rosernberg, 1989; Singh and Jain, 2003, pp. 249–262). Offsets is an attractive mode to lure overseas contractors to share and transfer high technology into local companies that require cutting-edge products and advanced state-of-the-art techniques, sometimes offsets can be used to raise joint expenditure on research and development and hire a higher percentage of workers from technical and engineering fields. There are many successful offsets projects in the high technology sector, mainly in aerospace and defence, such as the aerospace cluster in Wharton in the UK, Marsaille and Toulouse in France, Seville in Spain, Missouri in the United States, Bangalore in India and Ankara in Turkey (Balakrishnan, 2011, pp. 223–224). These high technology clusters have been heavily government led and directed projects.
Spatial-temporal analysis of cause-specific cardiovascular hospital admission in Beijing, China
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2021
Endawoke Amsalu, Mengyang Liu, Qihuan Li, Xiaonan Wang, Lixin Tao, Xiangtong Liu, Yanxia Luo, Xinghua Yang, Yingjie Zhang, Weimin Li, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Xiuhua Guo
We detected the geographical cluster for total and cause-specific CVDs incidence in Beijing using joint point regression, spatial mapping, spatial autocorrelation and spatial cluster scan. The key finding in the present study is that during the study period, 2013–2017, the crude CVD admission rates in Beijing city decreased significantly over time.