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Optics and Chaos: Chaotic, Rogue, and Noisy Optical Dissipative Solitons
Published in Christos H. Skiadas, Charilaos Skiadas, Handbook of Applications of Chaos Theory, 2017
The concept of dissipative soliton has become well established over the last two decades. Dissipative solitons, which are localized structures preserving a self-identity during a long evolution, describe an enormously broad range of phenomena ranging from physics to biology, and geophysics to social sciences. An existence far from the equilibrium state of a system results in a substantial nontriviality of dissipative soliton dynamics, which can reveal itself in chaotical, multistable, and extremely noise-sensitive behavior. Thereby, possessing the “energy” (or “mass”) scalability (i.e., the definitely “macroscopic” property), a dissipative soliton can be “quantum-sensitive.” A dissipative soliton is a “mesoscopic” object and the study of its properties is of fundamental interest.
Design of nematic liquid crystals to control microscale dynamics
Published in Liquid Crystals Reviews, 2020
Among the broad family of solitons, there is a class of localized externally driven structures, often called dissipative solitons [126–128]. Dissipative solitons represent a portion of a pattern surrounded by a homogeneous steady state. They vanish when the driver’s strength weakens below a certain threshold [126–128]. Experimentally, dissipative solitons were produced in the form of electric current filaments in a 2D planar gas-discharge system [129]. As often happens, nematics provide a fertile ground to realize entities that are difficult to form or observe in other materials. Very recently, various dissipative topologically unprotected solitons were observed in electrically driven nematics [45–48,130], Figures 4–8.