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Delphi technique in risk assessment
Published in Stephen O. Ogunlana, Prasanta Kumar Dey, Risk Management in Engineering and Construction, 2019
Regarding the iteration process, it is reasonable to assume that the more iterations, the more the opinion of a group converges until a certain level (optimal) where more iteration does not warrant or worth the increase of the precision. Technically, the number of iterations should relate to the measurement of convergence agreed for the research. When a high level of convergence is expected, which means only minor deviation is allowed among the assessment of respondents, it is logical to expect that more iterations are needed. With this situation, consistency in the number of iterations used to run the Delphi technique cannot be expected. Logically, researchers will need a minimum of two rounds to apply the Delphi method, where the second round is the feedback and opportunity to revise. If an initial qualitative inquiry is necessary, as explained in the above paragraph, then three rounds are the minimum number of rounds. In planning research, it should be kept in mind that the number of rounds is associated with the expense to carry out the research and the time necessary to complete the project. Therefore, the process and consensus should be designed properly to comply with the time and budget of the research.
Research Methodology
Published in Zakari Mustapha, Clinton Aigbavboa, Wellington Thwala, Contractor Health and Safety Compliance for Small to Medium-Sized Construction Companies, 2017
Zakari Mustapha, Clinton Aigbavboa, Wellington Thwala
Hence, the standard Delphi method is a survey that is directed by a coordinator as already stated and comprises several rounds with a group of experts, who are kept anonymous and for whose subjective-intuitive prognoses a consensus is aimed at (Cuhls, 2003). After each survey round, standard feedback about the statistical group judgment calculated from the median, the percentages and the interquartile range of single projections is given and if possible, the arguments and counter-arguments of the extreme answers are fed back. In the Delphi process, nobody ‘loses face’ because the study is done anonymously using a questionnaire. The method makes better use of group interaction whereby the questionnaire is the medium of interaction (Rowe, Wright & Bolger, 1991; Häder & Häder, 1995).
Additive manufacturing applicability for United States Air Force Civil Engineer contingency operations
Published in Adedeji B. Badiru, Vhance V. Valencia, David Liu, Additive Manufacturing Handbook, 2017
Seth N. Poulsen, Vhance V. Valencia
The Delphi technique is also beneficial for garnering expert judgment in a multidisciplinary topic. The technique is specifically designed to “gather information from those who are immersed and imbedded in the topic of interest and can provide real-time and real-world knowledge” (Hsu & Sandford, 2007, p. 5). Again, this is particularly useful in emerging technologies and their novel application. As the Delphi method relies upon targeted experts rather than random individuals, a Delphi is designed to combine the knowledge and opinions of the participants and to structure and organize their communications (Keeney, Hasson, & McKenna, 2006, p. 206) in an area of uncertainty or where empirical evidence is lacking or yet to be created (Powell, 2003, pp. 376–377).
Identifying and prioritizing export-related CSFs of steel products using hybrid multi-criteria methods
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2022
Nazli Monajemzadeh, Amir Karbassi Yazdi, Thomas Hanne, Shayan Shirbabadi, Zahra Khosravi
The relevant factors should be customized for this research. Hence, after extracting factors from previous studies, interviews with experts are conducted. By doing so, factors are customized using the Delphi method. The Delphi method is used for two aims: making predictions and screening factors. For the screening of factors with the Delphi method, a questionnaire is created which uses a 5-point Likert scale for evaluating the factors. The number of people who should answer questionnaires is debatable. Some researchers believe that the number of DMs should be 100 but others showed that it should be between 5 and 15 persons (Dunham, 1998; Powell, 2003). Also, due to practicability aspects, we selected seven persons for this research that are highly professional experts in this industry. This increases the reliability of responses and the speed of research while keeping accuracy at a high level. Further information about these DMs is presented in Table 8
Feasibility of Parkour-style training in team sport practice: A Delphi study
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2022
Ben William Strafford, Keith Davids, Jamie Stephen North, Joseph Antony Stone
To gain expert consensus on a topic, researchers in sport science domains have recently used the Delphi method (e.g., Fliess Douer et al., 2021; Krause et al., 2018; Runswick et al., 2021; Villiere et al., 2021). The Delphi method is regarded as a particularly useful tool for investigating subjects that have had relatively little research devoted to them and typically consists of a sample of experts responding anonymously to a series of iterative questionnaires, with feedback used between rounds to reach consensus among the group (Hasson & Keeney, 2011; Hasson et al., 2000; Thangaratinam & Redman, 2005). Given the limited research on effects of Parkour-style training, utilising a Delphi method to gain expert consensus on a set of design principles and a framework for the integration of Parkour-style training in team sport settings would help guide practice design and be of value for researchers seeking to employ Parkour-style training interventions. The aim of this study was, therefore, to gain expert opinion on the feasibility of integrating Parkour-style training into team sport practice routines and to establish a framework and set of design principles for its integration.
A fuzzy based hybrid decision-making framework to examine the safety risk factors of healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak
Published in Journal of Decision Systems, 2022
Delphi method is a survey method for collecting experts’ opinions concerned with an area (Hsu et al., 2010). This method is associated with vagueness, ambiguity, and uncertainty in the decision-making data set. Therefore, we integrated the fuzzy set theory to the traditional Delphi method. (Ishikawa et al., 1993). The following steps involved in FDM (Ishikawa et al., 1993): Identify the factors from literature and classified into a category related to the study.Prepare a questionnaire with all factors and categories and ask experts () to rate the importance of factors () related to the study with the help of the linguistic scale, as shown in Table 4, and the linguistic scale used in this study, as shown in Figure 4.Convert all experts’ opinion into fuzzy numbers and use the geometric mean method (Klir & Yuan, 1995; Ma et al., 2011) to find out the common understanding of group decision.