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The Weak Interaction in the Framework of Grand Unification Theories
Published in K Grotz, H V Klapdor, S S Wilson, The Weak Interaction in Nuclear, Particle and Astrophysics, 2020
K Grotz, H V Klapdor, S S Wilson
In addition to proton decay, the non-conservation of the baryon number might also lead to a further observable phenomenon, so-called (neutron-antineutronn−n¯) oscillations (see e.g. Langacker (1986)). For a freely moving neutron, the theory predicts a certain probability for a transition into an antineutron, associated with a change in the baryon number ΔB = −2. The corresponding diagrams are much more complex than those for proton decay. No such n−n¯ oscillations have yet been detected (Baldo-Ceolin et al (1986, 1990), Berger et al (1990)).
B
Published in Splinter Robert, Illustrated Encyclopedia of Applied and Engineering Physics, 2017
[atomic, general, quantum] In order to satisfy the conservation principle for baryons, the baryon numberB = 1 was introduced with respect to the antibaryon (B = −1), whereas nonbaryons have B = 0.
Black hole entropy, the black hole information paradox, and time travel paradoxes from a new perspective
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2020
There is as yet no generally accepted theory of quantum gravity, so there is no way to follow in detail the evolution of, e.g. a proton-sized black hole until the emission of Hawking radiation eventually results in its complete evaporation or explosion. It is conjectured that intense processes (near points that are singularities in a classical description) will result in baryon number nonconservation etc., as is natural in a grand-unified theory. But there is no reason to believe that these processes will violate the unitarity of any normal quantum theory, with the time dependence governed by a Hamiltonian or path integral. This is even true in very exotic scenarios like the birth of baby universes.