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Network-Based Interaction
Published in Julie A. Jacko, The Human–Computer Interaction Handbook, 2012
In collaboration systems such as Lotus Notes/Domino or source code systems such as Subversion (SVN), users do not lock central copies of data, but instead each user (or possibly each site) has their own replica of the complete Notes data-base/SVN tree. Periodically, these replicas are synchronized with central copies or with each other. Updates can happen anywhere by anyone with a replica. Conflicts may, of course, arise if two people edit the same note between synchronizations. Instead of preventing such conflicts, the system (and software written using it) accepts that such conflicts will occur. When the replicas synchronize, conflicts are detected and various (configurable) actions may occur: flagging the conflicts to users adding conflicting copies as versions, and so on.
The Tool Chain
Published in Chris Hobbs, Embedded Software Development for Safety-Critical Systems, 2019
BCI also uses Apache Subversion,subversion a popular open-source repository, to maintain versions of its source code, test cases and documents. When a system is built, Subversion delivers copies of each source module as they were at a particular time. A bug in Subversion could cause it to deliver the wrong version of a module, resulting in an incorrect system being built. This tool is harder to classify. In accordance with ISO 26262, it must be TI2, but it is likely that the error would be noticed, particularly if version numbers were independently checked or the use of the wrong version led to a compilation or link error. Thus, this tool might be classified as TI2/TD2 → TCL2.
The Tool Chain
Published in Chris Hobbs, Embedded Software Development for Safety-Critical Systems, 2017
BCI also uses Apache Subversion, a popular open-source repository, to maintain versions of its source code, test cases and documents. When a system is built, Subversion delivers copies of each source module as they were at a particular time. A bug in Subversion could deliver the wrong version of a module, resulting in an incorrect system being built. This tool is harder to classify. In accordance with ISO 26262, it must be TI2, but it is likely that the error would be noticed, particularly if version numbers were independently checked or the use of the wrong version led to a compilation or link error. Thus, this tool might be classified as TI2/TD2 → TCL2.
A Cross-organizational Ecology for Virtual Communities of Practice in Higher Education
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2020
Aekaterini Mavri, Andri Ioannou, Fernando Loizides
Dreamweaver CS6 (DRW) was used to transform the visual prototypes into functional web pages; these were then uploaded to a server via an FTP tool (see Table 4). DRW does not offer a synchronous multi-user editing facility. In terms of team collaboration, it offers partial version control through SVN (Apache Subversion), an open-source version control system (Wikipedia contributors, 2018). Based on its complexity and other testimonials that had reported issues, this pairing (DRW & SVN) was not considered a suitable option for beginner-level students, especially given that they were already dealing with a considerable load: learning how to code and use new software, understanding the server environment and managing external CoP stakeholders. Teams had to therefore work on shared files sequentially, rather than concurrently, using DRW’s file ‘check-out’/’check-in’ functionality. Yet, as the projects progressed, deadlines and other pressures eventually imposed the need for concurrent file editing. For instance, the main stylesheet file (CSS) (with site-wide formatting, layout and behavior specs) was often required simultaneously by different team members. In doing so, some participants reported feeling confused, having to manually track and merge different user changes. As expected, this led to overwriting, delays and frustration: Team C member: They re-uploaded the file and it was spoiling others peoples’ stuff.