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Fundamentals of image acquisition and imaging protocol
Published in Michael O’Byrne, Bidisha Ghosh, Franck Schoefs, Vikram Pakrashi, Image-Based Damage Assessment for Underwater Inspections, 2019
Bidisha Ghosh, Michael O’Byrne, Franck Schoefs, Vikram Pakrashi
While top-side inspections can use a tripod as a steady base, underwater photography must usually be collected with a handheld camera that is susceptible to vibrations, thus leading to blurry images, especially when shooting at slow shutter speeds as is often required in low light conditions. To partially address this problem, some modern lenses have incorporated a stabilization mechanism, although these are still far from perfect and, needless to say, it is best to have a steady hand when capturing imagery rather than relying on the lens’s image stabilization. A stabilized lens is not needed if the camera system already offers in-camera image stabilization. In such a scenario, the stabilization mechanism on either the lens or the body should be disabled to prevent conflicts.
Introduction to Expert Systems
Published in Chris Nikolopoulos, Expert Systems, 1997
Some of the major applications of fuzzy logic to expert system development include its use to: Control trains in Japan using fuzzy controllers, (Miyamoto, Yasunobu, [21]).Cement Kiln controller, (Mamdani, Gaines, [19]).FLOPS is a fuzzy ES rule based shell, (Buckley et al., [9]).Z-II is a fuzzy ES shell used in medical diagnosis and risk analysis, (Leung and Lam, [17]).Fuzzy logic has been applied in video camera technology for automatic focusing, automatic exposure, image stabilization and white balancing.Fuzzy logic has been applied in automobiles for cruise control, brake and fuel injection systems.Fuzzy algorithms have been applied for video and audio data compression (HDTV).
In the Studio and On-the-Go
Published in Lionel Felix, Damien Stolarz, Jennifer Jurick, Hands-On Guide to Video Blogging and Podcasting, 2013
Lionel Felix, Damien Stolarz, Jennifer Jurick
There are several things you can do to mitigate shaky video while filming on the move: Practice holding your camera stable and level while moving around.Practice moving the camera smoothly and deliberately.Combine above techniques with a camera that comes with image stabilization.Add a steady-camera type device to your collection of equipment.
Dexterity distribution design for attitude adjustment of multi-joint robotics based on singularity-free workspace decomposition
Published in Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2022
Jinghua Xu, Mingyu Gao, Xueqing Feng, Zhengxin Tu, Shuyou Zhang, Jianrong Tan, Li Tu, Rongqing Yao
The three-bar example can be extended to multi-bar under-constrained systems with other configurations. The physical experiment of multi-joint robot under multi-source uncertainty is demonstrate in Fig. 12. The space pose sensor is integrated with six axis MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) inertial sensors including gyroscope and accelerometer which can be widely applied for inertial navigation and attitude stabilization. The bias, scale factor, non-orthogonal error and acceleration can be compensated within And measures for vibration reducing and seal design are implemented to guarantee the accuracy of measurement under severe environments. The north-seeking precision is nearly sampling frequency 4 kHz, bandwidth 50 Hz, communication mode RS422/COM, size working voltage For the gyroscope, the bias stability is the Allan variance is bias repeatability scale factor nonlinearity 300 ppm (1e − 6). For the MEMS accelerometer, the measuring range is bias bias stability bias repeatability scale factor nonlinearity 300 ppm.
Robust uncalibrated visual stabilization for nonholonomic mobile robots
Published in Advanced Robotics, 2020
Few studies have yielded the visual stabilization of mobile robots with extrinsic camera parameters. In [23,24], an interaction matrix is used to describe the visual servoing system with the well-calibrated extrinsic camera parameters. Another homography-based method proposed in [25] considers two uncertain translational extrinsic camera parameters. The homography matrix is decomposed to obtain the three-dimensional information which is utilized to develop a rotational and translational error system between the current pose and the fixed reference pose. Adaptive updating laws using Lyapunov-based techniques are generated to compensate for the uncertain extrinsic camera parameters and unknown depth. In [26,27], an uncertain rotational extrinsic camera parameter is added which could be identified beforehand. It helps to convert the visual system into a simpler form as that in [25]. However, homography calculation and decomposition require a precise calibration of the intrinsic camera parameters. The adaptive laws can only compensate for the system uncertainties arising from uncertain translational extrinsic camera parameters and a constant depth parameter but not the calibration error of the intrinsic camera parameters.
How accurate are small drones for measuring microscopic traffic parameters?
Published in Transportation Letters, 2019
Emmanouil N. Barmpounakis, Eleni I. Vlahogianni, John C. Golias, Adam Babinec
As far as the camera of the drone is concerned, a lightweight model which offers up to 4K30 quality is chosen, while weighing only 150gr. The camera is attached to the gimbal, which as described in the previous section, offers a first-level stabilization for the recorded videos. This mechanism allows rotation only at a specific axis and can reduce micro-vibrations. The specific setup has a maximum flight time of 18 minutes in ideal weather conditions and can be expanded by new batteries if necessary. Other systems attached allow wireless image transfer to a monitor on the ground (First Person View), an important feature for most experiments so that shots can allow the researcher to extract the necessary information, ensuring no hidden points appear and all area of interest is recorded.