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3D simulations for the Brenner Base Tunnel considering interaction effects
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2020
The finite element (FE) calculations were carried out with the software PLAXIS 2D and PLAXIS 3D. PLAXIS is geotechnical finite element software, specifically developed for the 2D and 3D analysis of deformation, stability and groundwater flow. The basic soil elements of PLAXIS 2D are triangular elements with 12 nodes, while the basic soil elements of PLAXIS 3D are tetrahedral elements with 10 nodes. In addition to the soil elements, in both software versions, special types of elements are used to model structural behavior. For the calculation of concrete shells 6-node plate elements are available in PLAXIS 3D, c.f. PLAXIS BV (2018).
3D simulations for the Brenner Base Tunnel considering interaction effects
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2019
The finite element (FE) calculations were carried out with the software PLAXIS 2D and PLAXIS 3D. PLAXIS is geotechnical finite element software, specifically developed for the 2D and 3D analysis of deformation, stability and groundwater flow. The basic soil elements of PLAXIS 2D are triangular elements with 12 nodes, while the basic soil elements of PLAXIS 3D are tetrahedral elements with 10 nodes. In addition to the soil elements, in both software versions, special types of elements are used to model structural behavior. For the calculation of concrete shells 6-node plate elements are available in PLAXIS 3D, c.f. PLAXIS BV (2018).
Effective stress based model for natural soft clays incorporating restructuration
Published in António S. Cardoso, José L. Borges, Pedro A. Costa, António T. Gomes, José C. Marques, Castorina S. Vieira, Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX, 2018
Jesper Bjerre, Jon A. Rønningen, Gustav Grimstad, Steinar Nordal
PLAXIS is a commercial finite element software for 2D and 3D soil calculations, which offers the possibility of creating user defined soil models by defining a subroutine with specific arguments. The constitutive model is implemented in PLAXIS through the interface between PLAXIS and FORTRAN. The FORTRAN code is supported by additional MATLAB coding.
Impact of reinforcement granular soils on the behaviour of strip footing nearby an excavation
Published in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2021
Hussein Ahmad, Ahmad Mahboubi, Ali Noorzad, Mostafa Zamanian
The scope of this work was modelled and investigated using some 2D finite element analyses (FEA) over a prototype geogrid reinforced-soil-footing-excavation system for verifying the laboratory model tests outcomes in the previous study (El Sawwaf and Nazir 2012) and understand the performance of strip footing was located on the reinforced and unreinforced granular soils adjacent to the excavation. To perform the analysis, the finite element programme Plaxis software package was used (Brinkgreve et al. 2004, El Sawwaf 2007). The Plaxis can handle various geotechnical problems like tunnels, deep excavations, as well as earth structures like slopes and retaining walls. The soil mass modelled through PLAXIS software possesses the same dimensions were used in previous studies (El Sawwaf and Nazir 2012) that is 1000 mm × 500 mm in the plan, B = 80 mm, in which B represents a strip footing width containing an excavation with height H = 3B in a corner. The horizontal spacing between the excavation and a corner of a strip footing (b) is a variable and footing width B, as well as the geosynthetic layers.
Development of design procedure for interlocking concrete block pavement
Published in International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2022
Arjun Siva Rathan R. T., Sunitha V.
The plate load test is labour intensive, expensive, and time-consuming. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alternate method to estimate the deflection measurement, which is easy, fast and precise. Numerical analysis using the Finite Element Method aids in solving the issue. PLAXIS is one among the exclusive software for handling complex geotechnical and transportation problems. The model was created with a plate size of 1.5 m×1.5 m×1.5 m, as shown in Figure 4. The soil elements were modeled with 10 noded tetrahedral elements. The soil-structure interaction behaviour was modeled with 12 noded interface elements. Once the soil layer was created, and the material properties were assigned. The boundary condition was set as fully fixed at the bottom and normally fixed on all sides. The model assigned for the analysis was a linear elastic model. The joint gaps were modeled, and the material properties were given as the input values. The meshing was carried out using a medium mesh after conducting sensitivity analysis. In Plaxis, five different meshes namely very coarse, coarse, medium, fine, and very fine mesh are present. The relative element size factor ranges from 0.5 to 2 for very fine to coarse mesh. The polyline angle tolerance of 30° and surface angle tolerance of 15° is provided for all the meshing type. In order to optimise the mesh for the present study, a sensitivity analysis is carried out based on the results obtained from Plaxis considering the deflection values and the calculation time for different meshes as shown in Figure 4. From the convergence study, it is concluded that the medium mesh is the optimised mesh to be used for the present study which proves lower deflection variation and lesser calculation time. The load was applied as circular surface load of 30 cm diameter. The analysis was carried out in two phases. In the initial phase, all the material properties were simulated, and the load parameter was disabled, and the next phase the load increment was enabled and the respective deflection on the different nodes and surfaces were calculated. The deflection value for any critical points was assessed in post-processing output in the form of a table and graph.