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Cross-Layer Wireless Multimedia
Published in K.R. Rao, Zoran S. Bojkovic, Dragorad A. Milovanovic, Wireless Multimedia Communications, 2018
K.R. Rao, Zoran S. Bojkovic, Dragorad A. Milovanovic
The previously formulated cross-layer optimization problem can be solved using iterative optimization or decision tree approaches, where a group of strategies are optimized while keeping all other strategies fixed, and this process is repeated until convergence. For the optimization of each group of strategies, one can use derivative and nonderivative methods (e.g., linear and nonlinear programming). Because this is a complex multivariate optimization with inherent dependencies (across layers and among strategies), an important aspect of this optimization is determining the best procedure for obtaining the optimal strategy Sopt(x). This involves determining the initialization, grouping of strategies at different stages, a suitable order in which the strategies should be optimized, and even which parameters, strategies, and layers should be considered based on their impact on multimedia quality, delay, or power. The selected procedure determines the rate of convergence and the values at convergence. The rate of convergence is extremely important, since the dynamic nature of wireless channels requires rapidly converging solutions (this is illustrated in the example later). Depending on the multimedia application, wireless infrastructure, and flexibility of the adopted WLAN standards, different approaches can lead to optimal performance. A classification of the possible solutions is given in the next subsection.
Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks
Published in Richard Zurawski, Networked Embedded Systems, 2017
Stefan Dulman, S. Chatterjea, Paul J. M. Havinga
Cross-layer optimization generally refers to schemes where the application influences the operation of the routing or MAC layers. In the cross-layer optimization category, we cover literature which studies the relationship between the MAC and the application layers. Data-centric data/query dissemination is classified as a subclass of cross-layer optimization as it involves creating links between the application and routing layers. Acquisitional query processing falls under cross-layer optimization as it deals with schemes where sensor sampling can be dependent on information gathered from the injected query (i.e., application layer) or even the underlying MAC.
Spectrum Fragmentation Management in Software-defined Elastic Optical Networks
Published in Bijoy Chand Chatterjee, Eiji Oki, Elastic Optical Networks: Fundamentals, Design, Control, and Management, 2020
Bijoy Chand Chatterjee, Eiji Oki
The authors in [202] presented an optimization approach considering an SDN architecture for migrating data center services in EONs. In their scheme, the cross layer optimization and resource utilization are managed by SDN controllers according to physical layer parameters, like bandwidth demand and modulation technique. Lightpath setup and release are experimentally demonstrated through a testbed that consists with four OpenFlow-enabled EONs nodes in order to observe the call blocking and resource occupation rate.
Deep Learning-based Prioritized Packet Classification and Optimal Route Selection in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Ronald Chiwariro, N. Thangadurai
The multimedia content is abundant and rich when compared to the scalar one, hence pre-processing such as coding is required before the delivery of the data to the sink. When intrinsic network constraints are taken into consideration, the required visual quality at the sink should be fulfilled and the energy consumption is a quite challenging aspect. If the visual quality of the data is high, then its volume is increased. This results in the consumption of more network resources and vice versa. Likewise, when the data routing is initially unknown, the problem is more difficult [4]. For enhancing the multimedia streaming application performance, cross-layer optimization mechanisms [9] have been introduced as the solution. The cross-layer optimization [16] is a non-trivial problem as it is possible to establish only the non-deterministic relationships, and it is a complex task to derive the relation between the quality, rate, and delay. In addition, various OSI layer mechanisms are relied upon the methods deployed in similar or discrete layers, channel conditions, and the multimedia traffic, as well as the features of sequence, dynamically differ.