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Introduction
Published in Randall L. Eubank, Ana Kupresanin, Statistical Computing in C++ and R, 2011
Randall L. Eubank, Ana Kupresanin
First note the definition of the two constants at the beginning of the file that correspond to r and 1-r in Algorithm 8.1. Seeing that they are specified outside the body of any method they have global file scope which makes them available to all the functions in the file. Perhaps of more importance for future applications of the method is that they will not need to be recomputed each time the golden method is called. The const designation also makes sure that their values cannot be inadvertently altered. The code for the golden method essentially proceeds as in Algorithm 8.1. A question does arise about how to implement the initialization step of change =∞. This is accomplished through the C++ numeric_limits template class that allows us to set the program’s change variable at the machine representation for positive infinity (cf. the eigen method for class Matrix in Section 7.3 ).
The Object-Oriented Approach
Published in Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton, Software Solutions for Engineers and Scientists, 2018
Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton
In a typical class the data members are invisible to the user. In C++ this is achieved by means of the keyword private (called an access specifier). In general, class members are either private, public, or protected. Public members are visible to the client and constitute the class interface. Private members are visible only to the other members of the class. Protected members are related to inheritance, which is discussed later in this chapter. If a data member must be made accessible to the client, then it is customary to provide a function that inspects it and returns its value. In C++ the const keyword can also be used to preclude the possibility of an unauthorized change in the value of the variable.
Fundamental Study of Laminar Low-Subsonic Micro-Convective Air-Flow with Density Variations Due to Temperature Gradients
Published in Heat Transfer Engineering, 2021
Pallavi Rastogi, Shripad P. Mahulikar
Results for micro-convective heated air-flow with ρ-variations only, are presented and analyzed for different (5.0, 7.5, 10.0 W/cm2) and different um,in (10, 25, 50 m/s). The highest Br at inlet is estimated based on, minimum () = 5 W/cm2 and maximum um,in (um,in_max) = 50 m/s as, = μ⋅/(⋅D) = 1.18 × 10–3 (≪1). Hence, the effect of viscous dissipation on fluid temperature rise is insignificant in this study; thereby justifying the use of the fluid temperature profile given by Eq. (6). The almost linear um(z)-variation considering ρ-variation only {see Figure 2(c) in [26]}; where, um(z) ∝ [Tm(z)/pm(z)], is determined largely by the dominant Tm(z)-variation. The Tm(z)-variation is linear for, = const. BC for Cp = const. and ρm(z)-variation is determined by, ρm(z) ∝ [1/um(z)].
A Fuzzy Semantic for BDI Logic
Published in Fuzzy Information and Engineering, 2021
Anderson Cruz, André V. dos Santos, Regivan H. N. Santiago, Benjamin Bedregal
([7]): A model for LoRA is a structure where Tp is a set of all time points, R ⊆ Tp × Tp is a total backwards-linear branching time relation over Tp, W is a set of worlds over Tp, D = DAg, DAc, DGr, DU is a domain composed by a non-empty set of agents7 (DAg), a non-empty set of actions (DAc), a non-empty set of group of agents (DGr) and a non-empty set of other individuals (DU). Act: R → DAc associates an action with every arc in R; Agt: DAc → DAg associates an agent with every action. B, D and I are accessibility relations where B: DAg → ℘(W × Tp × W); D ⊆ DAg → ℘(W × Tp × W); and I: DAg → ℘(W × Tp × W). C: Const × Tp → ( = DAg ∪ DAc ∪ DGr ∪ DU) is a function that interprets constants. Φ: Pred × Tp → ℘(⋃u ∈ ℕu) is a function that interprets predicates.
Sliding mode control based on RBF neural network for a class of underactuated systems with unknown sensor and actuator faults
Published in International Journal of Systems Science, 2020
Ning Ji, Jinkun Liu, Hongjun Yang
If and are the smooth function defined on and is the smooth Nassbaum function, λ is nonzero constant, if it follows where C is a const, then and are bounded in .