China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Tailoring Wettability for Passive Fluid Control in Microfluidics
Published in Kevin Yallup, Krzysztof Iniewski, Technologies for Smart Sensors and Sensor Fusion, 2017
Equation 2.10, known as Washburn’s equation, has become a reliable basis for any study of liquid penetration in porous media and capillaries and has proven to be relevant down to the nanoscale.99,100 It is clear from the Hagen–Poiseuille equation that the wettability of the capillary or microchannel dictates the direction of flow, either filling or emptying. Washburn’s equation is fundamentally important for describing the dynamics of spontaneous capillary-driven flow in microfluidic devices, whether in open microchannels, bonded (closed) micro- and nanofluidic channels, or in the so-called paper microfluidics.101 The following discussion will focus on several features of paper microfluidics, due to its recent emergence in the literature; however, for a comprehensive review, the reader is referred to Ref. [101].
Effect of drying technique on pore structure characteristics of fine-grained geomaterials
Published in International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018
The pore size distribution of the compacted geomaterials was obtained using mercury intrusion porosimetry, MIP (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The MIP analysis is a destructive technique which employs non-wetting and inert liquid (mercury) as an intrusion fluid. The Washburn equation detailed in Equation (1) is used for measuring the pore size distribution characteristics (Washburn 1921). The amount of mercury intruded and extruded from the compacted soil mass tested for a pressure range of 0–440 MPa is recorded and the same is used to establish the pore size distribution characteristics over a pore size range of 120 μm–3 nm.