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Introduction
Published in Jamie Bartram, Richard Ballance, Water Quality Monitoring, 1996
Jamie Bartram, Richard Ballance
✓ Sodium oxalate, Na2C2O4, primary standard.
Synthesize and characterization of CaOx crystals against various citrus waste peel extracts: an in vitro study
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
V. Priscilla Pushparani, G. Baskar
In this assay, the numbers of crystals formed were estimated by turbidity of the solution method. The absorbance of control recorded was subtracted from that obtained with the extracts. There was an increase in the absorbance with the increase in the concentration of the extract and cystone when incubated along with sodium oxalate (50 mM). The percent inhibition of the extract of citrus peels was in the range of 35–80% respectively. However, cystone showed the percent inhibition in the range of 17–56% as shown in Table 2. There was a dose-dependent increase in percent inhibition of nucleation by the ethanolic extract of C. sinensis peel (R2 = 0.987) and cystone (R2 = 0.957) The IC50 value of the C. sinensis peel extract was 3.5 mg/mL which was more potent than cystone, with an IC50 value of 8.1 mg/mL.
Research progress of TiO2 photocatalytic reduction of oxyanion pollutants in water: a mini review
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2022
Kai Su, Linxiao Li, Shaoqi Deng, Zihan Gao, Qirui Qin, Jingyu Yang, Shengli Zhang, Junmin Chen
To inhibit the recombination of photogenerated electron and hole, electron or hole scavenger was added to the solution. Most commonly used hole scavengers in photocatalytic reduction reactions are organic hydrocarbons, such as methanol, ethanol, glyoxic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, sodium formate, and so on (54). Zhang et al. (28) compared the synergistic effects of various hole scavengers such as formic acid, sodium formate, and methanol on the photocatalytic removal of nitrate by P25. The results showed that nitrate could not be removed without hole scavengers. In the range of neutral pH value, the removal rate of nitrate was ranked as sodium formate > methanol > sodium acetate > sodium oxalate. In the range of acidity pH value, the removal rates of nitrate were sorted as follows: formic acid > acetic acid > oxalic acid. When using formic acid as scavenger, the removal efficiency of nitrate was significantly improved, with 98.4% of nitrate removed after 30 min illumination. Therefore, formic acid was considered as the best hole scavenger to improve the removal efficiency of nitrate in photocatalysis.
Calcium oxalate deposition on cotton fabric in the presence of different anionic surfactants
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2021
Chen Li, Lijie Wang, Hong Xu, Jinxiang Dong
Sodium oxalate, as a potential phosphate builder replacement, has high calcium-removing capacity, high calcium-removing rate and good detergency. As sodium oxalate removes Ca2+ by forming calcium oxalate precipitation, the deposits on the washed fabrics will very likely make the washed fabric feel rough, hardened and lower the fabric service life. If sodium oxalate used in commercial non-phosphate detergents, the anti-incrustation problem needs to be solved. Builders and surfactants are the two most important components in laundry detergents, so it is necessary to study the behavior of surfactants in sodium oxalate-based detergent to prevent the deposition during washing process. Six anionic surfactants were used to evaluate the influence of crystallization behavior and the deposition of calcium oxalate on cotton fabric under different surfactant concentrations. Different surfactants resulted in different degrees of phase modification and morphology of calcium oxalate. Both the phase of calcium oxalate and total interaction energy between calcium oxalate and cotton influence its deposition on cotton fabric. When the phase is similar, the deposition decreases as the maximum total interaction energy increases. This work may provide a basic data for sodium oxalate-based detergent design.