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Flexible and Stretchable Systems for Healthcare and Mobility
Published in Katsuyuki Sakuma, Krzysztof Iniewski, Flexible, Wearable, and Stretchable Electronics, 2020
Kai Zoschke, Thomas Löher, Christine Kallmayer, Erik Jung
While the polyimide-based circuits described in section 11.2 have shown a substantial step forward with respect to thickness and integration density, their mechanical properties and, thus, dimensional stability are less favorable when the target application requires a “soft” touch or even a certain amount of dynamic flexing without offering space for a freely moving flexure. Here, elastic materials could offer an adequate solution. However, the intrinsic elasticity conflicts with the circuit tracks, e.g., mostly made of metal. Advances in conductive polymers as well as geometrically compliant structures have since overcome this conflict to a certain extent. With a combination of elastic materials and corresponding compliance in the conductors, e.g., silicone-based substrates have been demonstrated to stretch for 3× their original dimensions in x/y [Rogers 2019]. However, silicone is a material not favored by the industry, as processing and curing as well as its raw material cost are often incompatible with industry's capabilities and needs. Alternatively, TPU has emerged as a promising material for stretchable circuits [Loeher 2014].
Flame Retardants
Published in Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury, Flame Retardants for Textile Materials, 2020
Silicone is eco-friendly, widely available in nature. It is easy to prepare flame retardants from silicone. The silica ash layer can also prevent oxygen from reaching the matrix. Like other silicone rubber products, the flame retardant series also possess high temperature resistance, chemical resistance, ozone and UV resistance, and easy fabrication. This material is also nontoxic and fungus resistant. Silicone is so widely used due a variety of useful properties, including flexibility, adhesion, insulation, and low toxicity. However, one of the most important characteristics of silicone is its heat resistance, allowing silicone products to maintain their properties when exposed to both high and low temperatures.
Masonry Water Repellents
Published in Christer Sjöström, Durability of Building Materials and Components 7, 2018
The agents that are applied on the wall may have very different structures and properties. The most common silicone types are siliconate, silicone resin, silane and siloxane. However, after the chemical reactions in the wall, the final product is always a silicone resin.
Implantable medical devices for tendon and ligament repair: a review of patents and commercial products
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Marco Civera, Ester Devietti Goggia, Matteo De Ros, Vito Burgio, Federica Bergamin, Mariana Rodriguez Reinoso, Cecilia Surace
Another key component is silicone. Silicones are highly versatile materials, suitable for various industries and applications, due to their high elasticity, biocompatibility, easy processability and chemical inertness [64]. They are synthetic polymers, commonly obtained in the form of a linear chain made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Highly crosslinked silicones or gel-like silicones are nowadays used in medical implants. Silicone elastomers are considered as a material of choice for orthopaedic prostheses and finger joints [64]. Nevertheless, they are insufficiently exploited for use inside the human body, especially for long-term implantation of prostheses, valves etc. The risk of rupture of a silicone implant is associated with degradation processes, as a consequence of multiple causes: autoimmune response due to the microorganisms present in the implantpenetration of lipids into the polymer networkmechanical loading during daily activities
Novel weft-knitted spacer structure with silicone tube inlay for enhancing mechanical behavior
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2020
Annie Yu, Sachiko Sukigara, Kit-Lun Yick, Pui-Ling Li
Inlay yarns are mainly applied to either knitted fabrics with conventional structures or on the surface layers of 3D fabric. In our previous study, elastic yarns are inlaid into the surface layers of spacer fabric to increase the fabric thickness, compression stiffness, and absorption of compression energy [21]. This study proposes a new idea for reinforcing the spacer structure by inlaying a silicone tube into the connecting layer of the spacer structure. Silicone belongs to the synthetic polymer family [22]. Silicone is chemically inert, stable, low in toxicity, and resistant to high temperatures. Therefore, a thin, flexible, and elastic silicone tube is used in this study in the connective layer of spacer fabric through inlaying as a means of reinforcement to provide additional support to the spacer structure. The connectivity of the spacer yarns, air space in the spacer structure together with the rubber-like silicone tube and the air trapped in the tube form a complex sandwich structure that is suitable for cushioning impact forces. This study aims to solve the inherent deficiencies and deformation problems of traditional 3D spacer structures. The changes in compression resistance and impact force absorption of thin spacer fabric by using a silicone inlay are investigated. The effects of the inlay on the structural properties and air permeability are also evaluated. The developed inlay structure enhances the compression properties of the spacer fabric and its energy absorption capacity which help to widen the scope of the applications of spacer fabric for different end-uses.
Wear-Resistant Graphene–Silicone Rubber Composites
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2020
Zhong Zheng, Heng Yang, XueFeng Yao
Silicone rubber is a special polymer material that has been widely used in many applications, such as seals, shock absorbers, and adhesives, and in the aviation industry (Ke, et al. (9)–(11)). However, a significant disadvantage of silicone rubber that limits its further application in some special environments is its poor wear resistance. Graphene itself has excellent friction properties (Lee, et al. (12), Li, et al. (13)) and is an emerging lubricant in many fields (Berman, et al. (14)). Many studies have proven that graphene can reduce friction when added to the material matrix (Berman, et al. (15, 16)). However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no reported publication that studied the friction properties of graphene–silicone rubber composites.