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Man Undersea
Published in Robert A. Ragotzkie, J. Robert Moore, Man and the Marine Environment, 2018
One approach has helped to control the demands of decompression, and this is called saturation diving. Up to a point at a given depth, longer exposures require longer and longer decompression times. After two days or less, however, it appears that all of the body’s relevant tissues have taken up as much extra gas as they can: they are now saturated at the depth concerned. Beyond this point in time, the diver can remain under pressure as long as he needs to without incurring additional decompression time. He can live in a habitat on the bottom (Figure 4) and work from it. He can commute to and from the worksite in a pressurized transfer capsule and live in a comfortable chamber on shipboard; or he may come and go in a specially-designed submarine while remaining under pressure. To avoid O2 damage to the lungs, PO2 must be kept below 0.5 atm, but this presents no great problem. The final decompression time will be long, but it will be much less than the sum of times for multiple short dives on most saturation jobs. However long, the decompression period can be spent in safe and comfortable surroundings.
Infant health outcomes among offspring of male U.S. military divers
Published in Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2020
Clinton Hall, Anna T. Bukowinski, Jennifer A. Jewell, Ava Marie S. Conlin
Deep sea diving can have adverse effects on the human body, but evidence is limited regarding its influence on the male reproductive system and subsequent offspring health. In men, it is suggested that the extreme hyperbaric conditions encountered during deep saturation diving can reduce short- and long-term sperm quality.1 In the U.S. military and among other populations, it has long been thought that male divers have a strong bias toward fathering female offspring, which may be indicative of preconception exposure to reproductive hazards.2 Yet, the few studies examining the offspring sex of male divers have not collectively supported this notion,2–5 and the only study assessing the offspring health of male divers largely found no excess risk for adverse infant outcomes.5
The global offshore pipeline construction service market 2017 – Part I
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2018
Power is required for tension capacity and station-keeping for DP vessels, as well as water generation, deck equipment, electrical, utilities, ROV systems, saturation diving systems and reel deployment systems. Reasonably strong correlations exist between installed power and tension capacity for both S-lay and J-lay vessels (Figure 24), and DP vessels require more power than moored vessels. Installed power on DP pipelay vessels ranges from 10 to 67 MW and average 28 MW; for moored vessels, power requirements range from 1 to 5 MW and average 2 MW. Saipem's DP-3 class CastorOne, for example, has 67 MW of installed power, whereas McDermott's DB 30 has 3 × 910 kW + 1 × 1,360 kW main generators and 1 × 320 kW emergency generator.