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Marine-Derived Polysaccharides: Pharmaceutical Applications
Published in Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain, Dilipkumar Pal, Natural Polymers for Pharmaceutical Applications, 2019
Dilipkumar Pal, Supriyo Saha, Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain
Jalababu et al., developed dual responsive alginate-poly acrylamide hydrogel for controlled release of imatinib mesylate. The formulation was developed upon polymerization of NaAlg-g-PAPA copolymer (a polymer of sodium-alginate and acryloyl phenylalanine), N-isopropyl acrylamide and N,N-bismethylenebisacrylamide in the presence of ammonium persulphate. The formulation was chemically characterized by FTIR, SEM, DSC, and XRD; pharmaceutical characterization was done by swelling parameters, in vitro drug release. The outcomes revealed that 79% of encapsulation and 98% of release were observed after 48h (pH 7.4, 37°C) with the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. These data clearly informed the controlled release characteristic of alginate hydrogel using imatinib mesylate as a model drug (Jalababu et al., 2018).
Nanoparticulate Drug-Delivery Systems for Brain Targeting
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Nanocarriers for Brain Targeting, 2019
Emil Joseph, Gautam Singhvi, Saswata Banerjee
Numerous investigations related to delivery of drug across BBB by incorporation in polymeric nanoparticulate drug-delivery systems have been reported. In a study conducted by our group, etoposide-loaded PLGA and PCL NPs were prepared and biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of radiolabeled etoposide and etoposide-loaded PCL and PLGA NPs were studied. Etoposide and etoposide-loaded NPs labeled with Tc-99m were intravenously administered and their respective pharmacokinetic and biodistribution parameters were determined. The results showed a higher residence of etoposide-containing NPs compared to etoposide and demonstrated the advantage of PCL and PLGA NPs as drug carrier for etoposide in enhancing the bioavailability with targeted distribution owing to higher brain permeability and with the potential of reducing the toxicity related to nonspecific etoposide distribution. In another study in a rat model, imatinib mesylate-loaded PLGA NPs were prepared for biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies. The results showed that nanoparticulate formulations increased the extent of drug permeation to brain with nearly 100% increase in mean residence time and threefold increase in area under the curve as compared to pure drug (Snehalatha et al., 2008).
Pulmonary reactions to chemotherapeutic agents: the ‘chemotherapy lung’
Published in Philippe Camus, Edward C Rosenow, Drug-induced and Iatrogenic Respiratory Disease, 2010
Fabien Maldonado, Andrew H Limper
Imatinib mesylate is another tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which was specifically designed to treat chronic myelogenous leukaemia. This myeloproliferative disorder is characterized by the bcr-abl rearrangement responsible for the production of an aberrant tyrosine kinase targeted by imatinib mesylate. Rare cases of pulmonary complications presumably secondary to imatinib mesylate have been described.76,77 Interstitial pneumonitis may present early in the course of the disease, but late-onset fibrosis has also been described. This agent has also been associated with the development of cardiac insufficiency with pleural effusions and pulmonary oedema on that basis. Discontinuation of the drug should be considered in the presence of unexplained pulmonary infiltrates.
Guar gum-g-poly(N-acryloyl-L-phenyl alanine) based pH responsive smart hydrogels for in-vitro anticancer drug delivery
Published in Soft Materials, 2022
Jalababu Ramani, Madhusudhan Alle, Garima Sharma, K.V.N. Suresh Reddy, Yeongmin Park, K.S.V. Krishna Rao, Jin-Chul Kim
Chemotherapy is the most practiced method to treat cancer to date. Various chemotherapeutic agents, such as plant alkaloids, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and tumor-specific antibiotics, are used against specific cancers.[21] At the same time, some agents, such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, are used to treat multiple cancers. However, these drugs can cause toxicities and adverse side effects to normal healthy tissues. Thus, polysaccharide-based nanoparticle-mediated stimuli-responsive delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs can be a safe and effective method to treat cancer while reducing the toxicity level in healthy cells. Imatinib mesylate (IMS), an anticancer drug, is used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and other malignancies.[22] The IMS targets cancer-specific molecules and retards the growth of the tumor cells by inhibiting the action of the tyrosine kinase enzyme. In addition, IMS also inhibits and damages the growth of nonspecific fast-dividing cells.[23]
Recent advances in nanotechnology based combination drug therapy for skin cancer
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2022
Shweta Kumari, Prabhat Kumar Choudhary, Rahul Shukla, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Prashant Kesharwani
The layered gold nanoparticles (LbL-AuNP) was developed containing imatinib mesylate (IM) and anti-STAT3 siRNA in melanoma skin carcinoma treatment. Labala et al. [141], reported the development of layered gold nanoparticles (LbL-AuNP) comprising imatinib mesylate (IM) and anti-STAT3 siRNA for the melanoma skin cell carcinoma treatment. STAT3 siRNA associated with IM by using LbL-AuNP exhibit significant (p < 0.05) decrease in tumour weight, tumour volume and STAT3 protein suppression in comparison to STAT3 siRNA or IM individually loaded with LbL-AuNP. Also, the administration of iontophoretic curcumin-liposome-siRNA complex exhibited almost same efficacy in preventing advancement of tumour and suppression of STAT3 protein as compared to intratumoral application [151].
Recent advances of polymer based nanosystems in cancer management
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2023
Chetan Janrao, Shivani Khopade, Akshay Bavaskar, Shyam Sudhakar Gomte, Tejas Girish Agnihotri, Aakanchha Jain
PVA is insoluble in organic solvent sand slightly soluble in water and ethanol. It has been frequently employed in the pharmaceutical industry to prepare solid dispersions that increase the solubility of the therapeutic agents. It is compatible with human fluids and tissues [160]. It is FDA approved because of its biocompatibility and low toxicity. It is used as a cell encapsulation in the form of hydrogel scaffold and biomaterial for protein and enzyme immobilization [161]. It is frequently employed as a surfactant when forming particles using emulsion or nanoprecipitation techniques [162,163]. For the treatment of brain tumors, drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles containing chemotherapeutics such mitoxantrone, 5-FU, doxorubicin, imatinib mesylate are produced using the double emulsion approach [164]. Paclitaxel and doxorubicin, have also been successfully encapsulated in PLA/PVA and PLGA/PVA nanoparticles using the spray drying approach for the treatment of brain tumors [164]. For instance, Yallapu et al. fabricated PLGA nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation method to encapsulate curcumin to increase its activity in the treatment of cancer. This was done in the presence of PVA and PLL stabilizers. In this work, metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and cisplatin-resistant A2780CP ovarian cancer cells both showed six and two-fold increase in the cellular absorption of nanoparticles, respectively compared to free curcumin [165]. Hu et al. additionally reported manufacturing self-assembling PVA-iron oxide/silica core-shell nanoparticles for the controlled release of medicines for cervical cancer cells via an external magnetic field. The nanoparticles exhibited great cytocompatibility and high-efficiency absorption against HeLa cell lines, suggesting improved drug release for anticancer applications [166].