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Contradictory Perspectives of Testing
Published in Kim H. Pries, Jon M. Quigley, Testing Complex and Embedded Systems, 2018
Dissipative functions were posited by Ilya Prigogine, Nobel Prize winner, and his test group. They observed that, under certain conditions, physical phenomena exhibit some unexpected behaviors. These behaviors occur in open systems rather than in the closed systems so beloved by thermodynamics theorists. Also, these systems will generally be way beyond thermodynamic equilibrium. Some common examples include convection, cyclones (especially tornadoes), and hurricanes. More complex examples include Bénard cells (convection cells in fluids heated from below) and the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction (a nonlinear chemical oscillator that can produce unexpected changes in color and where particle motion seems to occur spontaneously).
Limit cycles of piecewise differential systems with linear Hamiltonian saddles and linear centres
Published in Dynamical Systems, 2022
The existence of limit cycles became important in the applications to the real world, because many phenomena are related with their existence, see for instance the Van der Pol oscillator [27,28], or the Belousov–Zhabotinskii reaction which is a classical reaction of non-equilibrium thermodynamics appearing in a non- linear chemical oscillator [3,29]. The study of the continuous piecewise linear differential systems separated by one or two parallel straight lines appears in a natural way in the control theory, see for instance the books [2,10,12,13,18,23]. The easiest continuous piecewise linear differential systems are formed by two linear differential systems separated by a straight line. It is known that such systems have at most one limit cycle, see [8,15,20,21].