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Published in William S. Rickman, CRC Handbook of Incineration of Hazardous Wastes, 2017
P. Gorman, R. Hathaway, D. Wallace, A. Trenholm
The underlying philosophy of the procedure is based on a paper prepared by the American Chemical Society (ACS) Committee on Environmental Improvement7 and on experience in conducting and interpreting trial burn data. The ACS paper assumes that blank values are random samples that vary because of preparation, handling, and analysis activities. Under this assumption, blank values can be treated statistically. The “best estimate” for the blank for any particular sample is the mean of the available blanks. The ACS procedure also enables determination of whether a sample is “different from” the blank. If the sample value is not significantly different from the blank value, a sample cannot be blank corrected. Even so, the measured sample value does provide an upper bound for the emission value and may still provide sufficient information for determining if the required DRE of 99.99% was met.
Heavy metals and inflammatory, oxidative/antioxidant and DNA damage biomarkers among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Niger Delta, Nigeria
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2023
Opeyemi M. Folorunso, Beatrice Bocca, Flavia Ruggieri, Chiara Frazzoli, Ifeyinwa Chijioke-Nwauche, Orish E. Orisakwe
The blood sample was digested using well mixed aqua-regia solution (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid in ratio of 3:1).The mixture was heated up until complete digestion was observed by a color change of the solution to pale-yellow. A minimum of three points calibration standard was made and the system was calibrated using the calibration range in instrument AAS Cookbook. Three-point calibration in a linear range was performed for each metal and correlation coefficient generated. The blank was analyzed first and samples were corrected for blank value. Each sample batch was accompanied by quality control (QC) samples. Recoveries were between 90 and 110% and repeatability was better than 20%. The standards were measured, a calibration curve of absorbance against concentration was constructed, and correlation coefficient of ≥0.995 was obtained. The limit of detection (LOD) for metals was calculated at 0.002 mg/L.