China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Injury Scoring Systems and Injury Classification
Published in Melanie Franklyn, Peter Vee Sin Lee, Military Injury Biomechanics, 2017
Melanie Franklyn, Christine Read-Allsopp
First proposed by Knaus et al. (1981), the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) is a severity of illness classification used for predicting mortality in patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). It was revised in 1985 and renamed APACHE II (Knaus et al. 1985). The APACHE II is based on the patient’s age, 12 routine physiological measurements and any pre-existing disease of the patient. The score, which is calculated daily and can be used to evaluate the progress of the patient during their ICU stay, ranges from 0 to 71, with higher scores corresponding to more severe disease and a higher risk of death. The system was again revised in 1991 (Knaus et al. 1991) to become the APACHE III, with both APACHE II and III used in the literature and clinical settings.
Internet-of-Things-Enabled Early Warning Score System for Patient Monitoring
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Manju Lata Sahu, Mithilesh Atulkar, Mitul Kumar Ahirwal, Afsar Ahamad
This scoring model for a medical emergency was introduced in 1997 by [3]. The model is used to identify the severity of illness and prediction of deterioration of the patient health. It is designed based on the scoring tool, which calculates the score using some set values of the physiological parameters. Each parameter is assigned a value (sub-score) on the basis of the level of abnormalities in comparison to the value of a medically healthy person, as shown in Table 1. Before a patient’s health status deteriorates into a serious illness, these vital parameter markers represent their current state of health. The final score is determined by adding together each sub-score. Medical professionals should measure the patient’s physiological parameters and award a score based on the range on the observation chart to compute the EWS. The total score reveals the patient’s overall health state, whereas the higher score reveals the degree of abnormalities in a given parameter [15]. The overall score aids the medical staff in changing the treatment regimen or recording frequency. Initially, the EWS was calculated by recording five parameters: Heart rate (HR), Body temperature (BT), Systolic Blood pressure (SBP), Respiration rate (RR), and oxygen saturation (SpO2). These parameters are assigned score ranging from 0 to 3.