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Detection of Retinopathy of Prematurity Using Convolution Neural Network
Published in K. Gayathri Devi, Mamata Rath, Nguyen Thi Dieu Linh, Artificial Intelligence Trends for Data Analytics Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches, 2020
Deepa Dhanaskodi, Poongodi Chenniappan
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye disease observed in babies delivered prematurely; it is considered to be a serious issue that must be treated because it causes childhood blindness. ROP is also known as retrolental fibroplasias (RLF). Initially, it was believed that oxygen therapy caused the condition, since it occurs in newborn, especially in premature, babies who received oxygen therapy. The role of supplemental oxygen in ROP has since been disproven. Vascularization is the process that is responsible for the normal development of blood vessels in the retina; it is not completed until a baby reaches full term of 40 weeks in uteri. In premature babies, the retina has not fully developed. After the birth of premature babies, if retinal vascularization completes outside the uterus, the retinal vessels may stop growing, or grow abnormally. ROP will also arise when these vessels develop in an abnormal way (Figures 7.1 and 7.2).
Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Retinal Fundus Images
Published in de Azevedo-Marques Paulo Mazzoncini, Mencattini Arianna, Salmeri Marcello, Rangayyan Rangaraj M., Medical Image Analysis and Informatics: Computer-Aided Diagnosis and Therapy, 2018
Faraz Oloumi, Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Anna L. Ells
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a complex disease that affects the process of development of the retina and retinal vasculature in preterm infants. ROP has been identified as the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness [1]; it is estimated that at least 50,000 children worldwide are suffering from blindness caused by ROP [2]. Based on a study conducted in 1993 in the U.S., it was reported that there are about 30,000 preterm babies born each year with a birth weight of 500–1249 g, out of whom 1000 are estimated to progress to a level of ROP that requires treatment (threshold ROP) [3]. An analysis [4] of a New York state patient database over a four-year span indicated that the incidence of ROP among newborn infants was 1 in 511. An incidence of 81.5% of any stage of ROP was reported by Gunn et al. [5] in premature infants 23–25.6 weeks of gestational age (GA), based on a screening study conducted over an 18-year period in Australia.
Big Data in Critical Care Using Artemis
Published in Ervin Sejdić, Tiago H. Falk, Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Biomedical Big Data, 2018
Retinopathy of prematurity (RoP) is a clinical condition that babies can develop when they are born before 32 weeks gestation and can lead to blindness and other lifelong retina damage [38,39]. Artemis at SickKids has been used to demonstrate the potential to provide real-time analytics for hourly oxygen target range achievement [38] and to support clinical research studies into the correlation between RoP stages and oxygenation [39].
Use of XyCAM RI for Noninvasive Visualization and Analysis of Retinal Blood Flow Dynamics During Clinical Investigations
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Delia Cabrera DeBuc, Abhishek Rege, William E. Smiddy
As a new technology, there is more work to be done to fully evaluate the role and performance of the XyCAM RI in a variety of settings. Clinical studies to understand the variation of XyCAM RI data in health and disease are ongoing. The most immediate application of XyCAM RI would seem to be for assessing blood flow in retinal vascular disorders, most immediately in diabetic retinopathy. The identification of disease at an earlier stage is important for mitigating or preventing irreversible disease, such as in ischemic injury. Currently, ophthalmoscopy and even static perfusion imaging only detect relatively advanced tissue damage. The potential to be able to identify defects before this stage could be sight-saving on a large scale. The ability to obtain video data from multiple fields of view that can be montaged to visualize and compare blood flow status over a field of view that exceeds the seven field ETDRS standard makes it further suitable for investigations on diabetic retinopathy which is known to reveal early biomarkers in the retinal periphery. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a condition that affects prematurely born neonates and the number one cause for childhood blindness, could be another application for which blood flow patterns in the peripheral retina may be worth investigating. Likewise, blood flow in the optic disc and macula may reveal clues pertaining to the pathogenesis and staging of glaucomatous disc changes.
Do visual fields need to be considered in classification criteria within visually impaired shooting?
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2021
Keziah Latham, David L. Mann, Rebecca Dolan, Joy Myint, Matthew A. Timmis, Donghyun Ryu, Steven Frisson, Peter M. Allen
Twenty-three athletes (14 males, 9 females) with a mean age of 49 ± 12 years (range 30–71 years) took part. Causes of vision loss were inherited retinal dystrophies including Retinitis Pigmentosa and choroideremia (n = 7), macular dystrophies (n = 5), glaucoma (n = 4), congenital optic nerve disorders (n = 2), and other causes (n = 5: 1 case each of retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, cataract with nystagmus, traumatic retinal detachment, and chemical injury). Duration of vision loss was 27 ± 13 years (range 4–59 years). Duration of experience in shooting was 8 ± 4 years (range 1–22 years), and all athletes had started shooting after becoming visually impaired.
Recent advances in imaging technologies for assessment of retinal diseases
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Taha Soomro, Neil Shah, Magdalena Niestrata-Ortiz, Timothy Yap, Eduardo M. Normando, M. Francesca Cordeiro
In addition, UWF imaging can limit the need for examination under anesthesia (EUA) for children with learning difficulties, when a good, widefield retinal image can be taken in a non-contact fashion. In children, several studies have shown the utility of UWF in a variety of disorders including childhood retinal vascular disease, retinal dystrophies, uveitis, infection, trauma, tumours, retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal detachment [34–39].