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The Recent Development of Antiviral Cold-Sprayed Copper Coatings against Coronavirus Disease Infection
Published in Peerawatt Nunthavarawong, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Suchart Siengchin, Mathew Thoppil-Mathew, Antimicrobial and Antiviral Materials, 2022
The interaction of copper and human coronavirus 229E inactivated viral genomes and surface spikes [10]. Cupric (II) chloride dihydrate incapacitated the dengue virus replication [11]. The copper chelator ATN-224 promoted Cu2+ as destroying the oncolytic herpes simplex virus. The release of Cu2+ by the oxidative generation was harmful to the herpes simplex virus [6, 9].
Pathogen contamination of groundwater systems and health risks
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2023
Yiran Dong, Zhou Jiang, Yidan Hu, Yongguang Jiang, Lei Tong, Ying Yu, Jianmei Cheng, Yu He, Jianbo Shi, Yanxin Wang
Viruses show significantly varied survivability (Table S2). The known T90 values (length of time to lose 90% of original infectivity) for different species suggest that enveloped viruses are not necessarily more durable than nonenveloped viruses in various water environments (Brainard et al., 2017). For example, SARS coronavirus and human coronavirus 229E exhibit T90 greater than one day in filtered wastewater samples (Brainard et al., 2017). Similarly, the T90 values of SARS-CoV-2 as the pathogenic agent for the COVID-19 pandemic are 1.5 and 1.7 d in wastewater and tap water, respectively (Bivins et al., 2020). The susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants may be due to their sensitivity to detergent, organic solvents, temperature, UV light, and antagonistic microorganisms. They may also form a strong association with the negatively charged soil and sediment when sufficient equilibrium time is allowed (Kumar et al., 2020; La Rosa et al., 2020; Naddeo & Liu, 2020). In contrast, the T90 for the enveloped avian influenza virus H5N1 is up to ∼500 d in different water systems and at different temperatures (Ye, 2018).Therefore, it is important to design appropriate monitoring and remediation strategies based on the survivability of different viruses.
In vitro antiviral effect of Mexican and Brazilian propolis and phenolic compounds against human coronavirus 229E
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2022
Norma Patricia Silva-Beltrán, Juan Carlos Galvéz-Ruíz, Luisa A. Ikner, Marcelo Andrés Umsza-Guez, Thiago Luiz de Paula Castro, Charles P. Gerba
In silico studies have shown an order of antiviral efficacy (quercetin > rutin > caffeic acid) against human coronavirus, specifically SARS CoV-2, showing a greater number of ligands against receptors 3CLpro, PLpro, and ACE2 (Yosri et al. 2021). In the in vitro study described herein, the order of efficacy was as follows: quercetin > caffeic acid > rutin. This suggests that quercetin shows better activity against HCoV-229E. Human coronavirus 229E is an RNA virus with genetic characteristics similar to SARS CoV-2 (Liu et al. 2021). In vitro and in silico studies have shown the effects of quercetin in reducing SARS CoV-2, inhibiting major proteases such as chymotrypsin type 3 protease (3CLpro). It is proposed that Q demonstrates a similar mechanism of inhibition against HCoV-229E.
Respirators, face masks, and their risk reductions via multiple transmission routes for first responders within an ambulance
Published in Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2021
Amanda M. Wilson, Rachael M. Jones, Veronica Lugo Lerma, Sarah E. Abney, Marco-Felipe King, Mark H. Weir, Jonathan D. Sexton, Catherine J. Noakes, Kelly A. Reynolds
Infection risk () was estimated using an exact beta-Poisson dose-response curve fit to pooled SARS-CoV-1 and human coronavirus 229E (HCoV229E) dose-response data (Bradburne et al. 1967; DeDiego et al. 2008; Watanabe et al. 2010): where and are used in pairs (bootstrapped pairs available in the code associated with this work), is cumulative dose from the aerosol and fomite routes estimated from the Markov model, and 1F1, is the Kummer confluent hypergeometric function (Xie et al. 2017). This dose-response curve has been used in other risk assessments for COVID-19 (King et al. 2020; Wilson et al. 2020). Dose-response for SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been measured.