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Application of nonlinear inverse methods to the control of powered-lift aircraft over the low-speed flight envelope
Published in Mark B. Tischler, Advances in Aircraft Flight Control, 2018
For several years, NASA has been engaged in research on control of powered-lift aircraft during low-speed flight. Aircraft types have included short take-off and landing (STOL) transports, vertical and short take-off and landing (V/STOL) transports, and short take-off and vertical landing (STOVL) fighters. The need for this research has been motivated by the poor stability and control characteristics of the basic aircraft associated with low aerodynamic stability and damping, control cross-coupling, the strong influence of jet-induced aerodynamics due to propulsion systems flows, and the number and redundancy of control effectors that must be employed in this flight regime. Furthermore, the desire to operate these aircraft in adverse weather conditions, including poor visibility, heavy winds and turbulence, to austere sites and aboard ship, imposes demands for precision of control and good flying qualities that generally exceed those demanded of conventional take-off and landing aircraft. In order to achieve the necessary precision of control of these aircraft, while coping with poor characteristics inherent in the basic airframe, it is necessary to provide stability and command augmentation systems (SCAS) that improve control of aircraft pitch, roll and yaw attitudes, and to provide the pilot with direct command of the aircraft’s states associated with following a commanded trajectory from cruise flight to the final landing condition.
Anatomy of arms races and technological innovation
Published in Adedeji B. Badiru, Cassie B. Barlow, Defense Innovation Handbook, 2018
The Soviets fielded its vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft in April, 1970 and retired it in 1991. The US bought the subsonic British Harrier (AV-8) in 1980 and improved on it. Now it declared the short takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL) F-35B operational in 2015. It is both low-observable and supersonic. The Russian Federation and China show no interest in competing in this type of aircraft, even though it is ideally suited for small aircraft carriers, called Amphibious Assault Ships by the US Navy, of which it has eleven. The export potential of this aircraft is significant to countries not interested in large aircraft carriers for a variety of reasons, if Lockheed Martin can fix the numerous problems that plague the development of this aircraft.
The Gas Turbine’s Future
Published in Tony Giampaolo, Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practice, 2020
In the aviation category $3.7 billion was for military applications while $11.2 billion was for commercial aviation. The US Military F35 Joint Strike Fighter powered by the Pratt & Whitney Aircraft (Division of United Technologies Corp.) F135 is a 40,000 pound thrust jet engine (Figure 19-1). This jet engine will power the F35 for all three types of service—conventional takeoff/landing (CTOL), carrier variant (CV), and short takeoff/vertical landing (STOVL).
Fire hazard identification on the flight deck of a short-take-off/vertical-landing type aircraft carrier: fire scenarios selection
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2023
Jeong Hwan Kim, Seon Jin Kim, Dae Yu Baeg, Hyun Ho Lee, Jung Kwan Seo, Jeom Kee Paik
In engineering community, risk is defined as a product of the frequency of an accident and its consequence (Paik 2020, 2022). Within the framework of quantitative risk assessment and management for an accident, a set of realistic accident scenarios should be selected unlike deterministic approaches in that the ‘most unfavourable scenario’ is considered. For this purpose, Paik (2020) originally proposed an accurate and efficient method to select a set of realistic accident scenarios within the framework of quantitative risk assessment and management, see Figures 2 and 3. In this paper, the Paik method is used to identify fire hazards and select the fire scenarios on the flight deck of an aircraft carrier, where the specific details of the process are shown in Figure 4. The flight deck of a hypothetical short take-off/vertical landing (STOVL) type aircraft carrier is considered, similar to that of the Queen Elizabeth (QE) class aircraft carrier and/or America-class carriers. The flight deck has two islands and lift locations, similar to the QE class aircraft carrier, as shown in Figure 5 (BAE 2022).
In situ thermoelastic stress analysis – an improved approach to airframe structural model validation
Published in Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Journal, 2019
Nik Rajic, David McSwiggen, Marcus McDonald, Don Whiteley
MiTE was first applied to the F-35 program on the F-35C carrier variant (CV) durability test article in October 2014. The primary aim of that study was to prove the feasibility of applying in situ TSA in a full-scale test environment more complex and challenging than any previously considered. This was followed by an application on the F-35B short take-off and vertical landing (STOVL) durability test article in April 2015 and finally on the F-35A conventional take-off and landing (CTOL) variant durability test article in July 2015, which was the largest of the three studies. Its findings together with those from the previous two studies confirm that this augmented approach to model validation is effective, efficient and practical. In the first part of the current article a synopsis of the F-35A study is given, followed by an examination of the implications of the key experimental findings to model validation. The second part takes a broader view focusing on issues of general relevance to the application of TSA to airframe testing, with F-35 case studies drawn upon to illustrate key points where appropriate.