China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Introduction
Published in Pylyp Volodin, Blade Element Rotor Theory, 2023
An essential part of the simulator software is a flight dynamics application, which performs computations of an aircraft motion in the airspace. The flight dynamics generally solves the equations of motion of the aircraft as a rigid body under the actions of forces and moments, which appear at the interaction of the aircraft with the air. These forces and moments are supported by power of an engine or engines of an aircraft. The flight dynamics of an aircraft can be realized as a set of elements, each of which represents a separate source of forces and moments affecting the simulated aircraft. For example, the flight dynamics of a helicopter with a single-rotor configuration can be simplistically decomposed into the following separate force source elements: a main rotor, a tail rotor, a fuselage, gears as interaction with the ground, and the gravity. Each element is described by a correspondent model, which computes element forces and moments acting on the aircraft and is based on the nature of this element. Each element model is a part of the aircraft flight dynamics software. All element models compose the superposition of forces and moments, based on which the aircraft motion is computed.
Technology evaluation for system of systems
Published in Mo Jamshidi, Systems of Systems Engineering, 2017
A linked, hierarchical modeling and simulation environment can be created by linking the outputs at one hierarchical level to the inputs at another hierarchical level. Although this may seem straightforward, it was not until the 1990s that software tools for such linkage emerged, and Kroo refers to the connection of different multidisciplinary analyses as “first generation multi-disciplinary optimization” techniques [26]. An example, shown in Figure 5.3, links the NASA Flight Optimization System (FLOPS), an aircraft sizing and synthesis code, to the FLAMES simulation framework. The FLAMES aircraft flight dynamics model requires input parameters that are generated by FLOPS such as aircraft range, speed, and weight. In practice, while there are many ways to link modeling and simulation tools, commercial integration frameworks such as Engineous’s iSIGHT, Phoenix Integration’s ModelCenter®, and Technosoft’s Tool Integration Environment have become increasingly adept at this task.
Introduction to Dynamical Systems Theory
Published in Nandan K. Sinha, N. Ananthkrishnan, Advanced Flight Dynamics with Elements of Flight Control, 2017
Nandan K. Sinha, N. Ananthkrishnan
Just as trajectories perturbed slightly off the equilibrium state spiral out to the limit cycle, trajectories beginning with large amplitudes (large x) spiral in to the limit cycle. Hence, the limit cycle in a supercritical Hopf bifurcation is a stable periodic state. It is remarkable that almost every limit cycling system observed in nature, from mechanical to biological to electronic systems, is created by the Hopf bifurcation mechanism and in some sense they are all very similar. In aircraft flight dynamics, wing rock is a well-known example of a limit cycling oscillation.
Industry 4.0: state of the art and future trends
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2018
In Industry 4.0, complex engineering problems have to be jointly solved by multi-disciplinary teams with multitudinous computational software and physical systems. The efficiency and effectiveness of solving complex engineering problems largely depend on strategic collaboration (Schuh et al. 2014), seamless integration of disparate CPS, and integration of heterogeneous data. Wang (2016) presents a multidisciplinary design and analysis (MDA) environment in conjunction with its application to aircraft flight dynamics analyses. The MDA infrastructure has built a cybernetic platform that integrates structure analysis and flow computation systems with wind tunnel experiment systems; moreover, this reconciles and interoperates diverse data sources generated by the CPS.