The Reproductive System and Its Disorders
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss in Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
The most common intrinsic mass within the scrotum is hydrocele (hydro- = water; -cede = hernia), a condition characterized by excessive accumulation of normal fluid within the tunica vaginalis testis (the peritoneal covering of the testis) resulting from inflammation or reduced resorption. Hematocele is an accumulation of blood in the tunica vaginalis. Spermatocele (also called spermatic cyst), unlike hydrocele and hematocele, occurs in the epididymis, not the tunica vaginalis, and it contains sperm; an epididymis cyst also occurs in the epididymis, but it differs from a spermatic cyst in that it contains clear fluid rather than sperm.
Effects on Human Males of In Utero Exposure to Exogenous Sex Hormones
Takao Mori, Hiroshi Nagasawa in Toxicity of Hormones in Perinatal Life, 2020
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) has been the most extensively used exogenous estrogenic hormone in human pregnancy.1 DES exposure in utero has been linked to a variety of structural and functional alterations in the human male genital tract.2 These male genital abnormalities are qualitatively comparable to those reported in a variety of animal species following similar exposure to DES during pregnancy.3,4 The lesions have ranged from relatively minor structural alterations such as epididymal or spermatocele cysts without known functional problems to more major anatomical changes of testicular hypoplasia, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and microphallus with potential disease dysfunctions of ambiguous genitalia, male pseudohermaphroditism, infertility and testicular carcinoma.
Chapter Six
Eugene Fukumoto in Advanced ICD-10 for Physicians Including Worker’s Compensation and Personal Injury, 2017
Testicle or testicular pain can occur in one or both testicles. It can be caused by problems within the testis itself or caused by problems that start in the groin, abdomen, or kidneys. There are a number of possible causes including the following:Torsion of testis N44.0-Hydrocele and spermatocele N43-Varicose veins scrotal varices I86.1Neoplasm of uncertain behavior of right testis D40.11Neoplasm of uncertain behavior of left testis D40.12Epididymitis (inflammation of testis) N45.1—use additional code to identify infectious agent (B95–B97), if knownProstatodynia syndrome, chronic pelvic pain in men N42.81Contusion of unspecified external genital organ, male S30.201- (trauma)Vascular disorder (e.g., hematocele) of male genial organs N50.1 Gonococcal (gonorrhea) infection A54-
Epidemiology of hydrocele and spermatocele; incidence, treatment and complications
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2019
Karl-Johan Lundström, Lars Söderström, Henning Jernow, Pär Stattin, Pär Nordin
With regards to the differences in age between treatment modality there are some possible explanations to why surgery has the lowest mean age. Sclerotherapy has been shown to reduce sperm counts and has, therefore, not been used in men with a paternity wish [13]. However, since no comparison has been made between sclerotherapy and surgery for hydrocele, it cannot be determined if surgery would be better for fertility. Another study suggests that surgery for hydro or spermatoceles constitute a risk of damage to the epididymis in between 5–17% [14]. Thus, this is an unresolved issue in hydro and spermatocele repair that remains to be examined.
Complications after scrotal surgery – still a major issue?
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2021
Anna Krarup Keller, Maiken Milly Howard, Jørgen Bjerggaard Jensen
Hydrocele and spermatocele are benign conditions often leading to referral to a urological department. In our department, we found a complication rate of 34% in the first year of this study. It was nonsignificantly reduced to 23% the following year. This is in accordance with the literature, where a complication rate of 17–27% has been described [1–4].