Introduction and overview
Sheila Cunningham, Tina Moore in Nursing Skills in Nutrition, Hydration and Elimination, 2019
Adequate nutrition and hydration are essential for general health and wellbeing, maintaining a healthy weight and to ensure adequate growth/development in children, plus help in preventing or treating a range of conditions such as wound healing, pressure ulcers and acute kidney injury. The maintenance of continence is also an important area of nursing and healthcare. Enabling healthy bladder and bowel care can enable patient or client independence and self-care, and salvage any anxiety or embarrassment. Healthy bladder and bowel activity can vary from person to person and from day to day. In any event what is normal for one person may not be normal for another. Patterns are key to understanding what is normal for a person and deviations from that normal such as straining to eliminate or frequent urination control require further exploration.
Urinary
A. Sahib El-Radhi in Paediatric Symptom and Sign Sorter, 2019
Labial adhesions are a common cause of continuous urinary incontinence and frequency. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common problem presenting at primary care services, often associated with frequent urination, urge symptoms and nocturnal enuresis (NE). The main causes of UI are an overactive bladder leading to urinary urge and holding urine until the last minute by suppressing the need to void, until incontinence happens. When a girl presents with a history of never gaining urinary control and underwear is always wet, she probably has ectopic bladder. Painful or burning urination during or immediately after urination, termed dysuria, is often accompanied by other urinary symptoms such as frequency, urgency or hesitancy. Painful micturition is a serious problem for it may cause urine retention with subsequent dilation of the urinary tract system. A large proportion of children with NE have nocturia. Significant reduction of NE is achieved with surgical repair of the obstruction.
Epidemiology
Craig L. Katz, Jan Schuetz-Mueller, Richard E. Fuerch, Linda Chokroverty, Karen Carpio Barrantes in A Guide to Global Mental Health Practice, 2015
This chapter talks about epidemiology that must be punctuated with consideration about societal stigma towards mental health issues. It discusses the range of possible diagnoses that could explain Sam's problem by examining population level data about health and mental health conditions as well as experience from the field. From a statistical point of view Sam could be right that he had malaria, and any doctor in an endemic area would be remiss not to consider it as a possible explanation for his fatigue. Fatigue is a common presentation for new onset diabetes, although typically with other complaints such as intense thirst or frequent urination that Sam's doctor could explore with him. Anxiety disorders involve anxiety that has reached a 'clinical' level due to its intensity, frequency, or dysfunctionality. Depressive disorders get lost somewhere between misunderstanding or unawareness on the part of the public and miscommunication and possibly even lack of communication on the part of mental health and public health professionals.
Huge Retrovesical Hydatid Cyst with Pelvic Localization as the Primary Site: A Case Report
Published in Acta Radiologica, 2007
We present a patient with symptoms of abdominal pain and frequent urination due to a huge mass in the retrovesical region. All imaging modalities revealed a cystic mass containing small daughter cysts located between the urinary bladder and rectum. Its characteristics led us to suspect the presence of a hydatid cyst, and an indirect hemagglutination test for Echinococcus granulosus was found positive. No other involvement of hydatid cystic disease was detected. The primary site for the hydatid disease was therefore regarded as the pelvis, on which only a few cases have been reported previously. The patient started albendazole therapy, but refused operation. Hydatid cyst should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominopelvic masses in endemic regions of the world.
Potential synergism between ulipristal acetate and vitamin D3 in uterine fibroid pharmacotherapy – 2 case studies
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2019
Michał Ciebiera, Błażej Męczekalski, Krzysztof Łukaszuk, Grzegorz Jakiel
This is a preliminary report of the first cases of successful simultaneous use of ulipristal acetate (UPA) and vitamin D3 in uterine fibroid (UF) oral treatment in humans. We present two cases of 37- and 49-year-old females with clinically symptomatic UFs and vitamin D deficiency. Both patients were treated with a standard 3 months of UPA scheme (5 mg daily) with the additional use of vitamin D3 (7000 IU daily orally). In the 37-year-old female all the symptoms (pain, pressure, frequent urination) decreased, total tumor volume after the treatment changed by 47.8%. In the 49-year-old female most symptoms perished, total tumor volume was reduced by 63.3%. UPA and vitamin D share synergistic anti-fibroid properties. Further studies are necessary to show the exact effect of UPA and vitamin D as co-drugs.
Fenvalerate Induced Dermal Toxicity in Buffalo Calves
Published in Journal of Applied Animal Research, 1999
G. Singh, L. Sharma, A. Ahmad, S. Singh
Singh, G., Sharma, L.D., Ahmad, A.H. and Singh, S.P. 1999. Fenvalerate induced dermal toxicity in buffalo calves. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 16: 205–210. Two groups (I & II) each consisting of three buffalo calves were sprayed with fenvalerate at 0.06 and 0.6 per cent concentrations, respectively. The clinical symptoms observed were profuse salivation, nasal discharge, lacrimation, facial tremors, grinding of teeth, dermal irritation, incoordinated gait, flatulence, anorexia and frequent urination. Significant increase in respiration rate was observed till 6h in gr. I and 12h in gr II. Pulse rate and rectal temperature were elevated till 12h in gr II. Hyperalbuminea and increased albumin/globulin ratio were recorded in buffalo calves of gr II. AST level increased significantly from 6h to 14 days in gr II. Blood glucose level increased significantly till 24h. Fenvalerate was found to be toxic following dermal spray by altering biochemical, haematological and clinical parameters.