Grafts and Local Flaps in Head and Neck Cancer
John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford in Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
A graft is a piece of tissue that is transferred from one site to another, devascularizing it in the process. The area from which the graft is taken is known as the donor site and the area to which the graft is applied is known as the recipient site. Grafts can be classified according to their composition—skin, bone, cartilage, fat, mucosa, or composite grafts which consist of two or more different tissue types9 (e.g. a septal mucosal graft consisting of septum and mucosa). They can also be classified according to their source. An autograft is a graft taken from one part of an individual’s body and transferred to a different part of that same individual. An isograft is a graft transferred between genetically identical individuals, such as between identical twins. An allograft is transferred from one individual to another of the same species. A xenograft is a graft transferred between different species.
Reduction and Fixation of Sacroiliac joint Dislocation by the Combined Use of S1 Pedicle Screws and an Iliac Rod
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White in Advances in Spinal Fusion, 2003
Twenty-five patients underwent single-level PLIF using the Brantigan I/F Cage (DePuy AcroMed Corp., Raynham, MA) from July 1997 to October 1998 in our hospital. Spinal instrumentation was used in all cases including the Steffee Variable Screw Placement (VSP) pedicle screw system (DePuy AcroMed Corp.) in 20 patients and the Moss-Miami pedicle screw system (DePuy AcroMed Corp.) in 5. Fourteen male and 11 female patients were included, ranging in age at surgery from 17 to 23 years (mean 44 years). Mean postoperative follow-up was 2 years and 7 months (range 2 years to 3 years and 1 month). The spinal pathologies were isthmic spondylolisthesis in 15 patients, degenerative spondylolisthesis in 5, lumbar disc herniations in 3 (recurrent herniations in 2 and extraforaminal herniation in 1), foraminal stenosis in 1, and congenital spondylolisthesis in 1 patient. The involved level was L3-4 in 3 patients, L4-5 in 9, L5-S1 in 11, L6-S1 in 1, andL5-6 in 1. Grafting Method
Polymer Materials for Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering
Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez in Current Advances in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, 2020
The oral and maxillofacial regions are complex areas since they are composed of different tissues. These regions can be affected by abroad range of pathologies, congenital defects, oncologic resection, trauma and infections (Susarla et al. 2011). The current strategies involve the use of allogenic, xenogeneic and autogenic grafts (Wang et al. 2005). However, there are drawbacks regarding the graft rejection, transmission of diseases and infection causing regeneration failure. Moreover, the complexity of cranio-maxillofacial tissues is a challenge due to the interactions between different types of tissues, including epithelium, mineralized and non-mineralized connective tissues (Bartold et al. 2000; Aurrekoetxea et al. 2015). Researchers focused on the study of new strategies based on the basic principle of tissue engineering—which means the use of cells, scaffolds and bioactive molecules to regenerate damaged tissues.
Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Thalassemia
Published in Hemoglobin, 2022
Usanarat Anurathapan, Samart Pakakasama, Duantida Songdej, Pongpak Pongphitcha, Ampaiwan Chuansumrit, Borje S. Andersson, Suradej Hongeng
We administered ‘early’ ATG (thymoglobulin; Sanofi-Genzyme Canada, Mississauga, ON, Canada), 1.5 mg/kg/day, on days SCT −12 to −10. The conditioning chemotherapy consisted of intravenous FLU 35 mg/m2/day over 60 min. once daily on days SCT −8 to −3; each dose of FLU was followed by intravenous BU 130 mg/m2 over 3 hours once daily on days −8 to −5 [Figure 1(B)]. After the event of two graft failures, we also modified the conditioning phase by including pharmacokinetic (PK) dose guidance for BU, targeting an average daily area under the curve of 4500 µMol-min., or total course area under the curve of 18,000 µMol-min. [15,16]. The graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis consisted of CPM 50 mg/kg/d on days SCT +3 and SCT +4 [17], and on day SCT +5, tacrolimus or sirolimus was started (total administration time: 6 to 12 months), together with mycophenolate mofetil, 15 mg/kg orally twice daily for 60 days.
Improving Endothelial Explant Tissue Culture by Novel Thermoresponsive Cell Culture System
Published in Current Eye Research, 2021
Alina Miron, Daniele Spinozzi, Jessica Lie, Gerrit Rj Melles, Silke Oellerich, Sorcha Ni Dhubhghaill
This culture system has been useful in several ways. Firstly, the consistent migration pattern observed in vitro helps explain the corneal clearance after corneal transplantation.5,6,9,11 Secondly, this method may help optimising graft preparation to try to promote cell migration,9 but can also be used for other purposes. This thermoresponsive cell culture system supports morphological and physiological cell changes through specific scaffold geometry and composition.14,15 Although, other cell culture matrices provide good cell adhesion, they could in the same time make cell retrieval more difficult.16 The temperature-reversible properties of the hydrogel presented here, on the other hand, permit cell retrieval without enzymatic treatment, which is difficult using hyaluronic acid hydrogel matrices.17
Angular artery island flap for eyelid defect reconstruction
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2020
Yavuz Keçeci, Zulfukar Ulas Bali, Anvar Ahmedov, Levent Yoleri
Posterior lamellar grafts can be prepared from the nasal septum, ear cartilage, buccal mucosa, hard palate mucosa, and periosteal flaps [8,11,24,25]. Each type of graft has its specialties. While auricular cartilage graft procedure has minimal or not any donor site morbidity, it lacks mucosal layer for conjunctival reconstruction [26]. Palatal grafts and nasal septal chondromucosal grafts, by contrast, have their own mucosal covering. Although hard palate can provide appropriate tissue for posterior lamella reconstruction, donor site can be problematic. Open palatal wound and discomfort at donor site can cause feeding difficulties, especially for the elderly patients [27]. On the other hand, septal chondromucosal graft procedure is also associated with the possibility of complications. Septal perforation and hemorrhage are potential complications [26]. Therefore meticulous dissection and careful hemostasis should be performed during graft harvesting. There are several reports stating that posterior lamella reconstruction by using septal chondromucosal grafts provide good eyelid stability and esthetic outcome in the late postoperative period [25,26,28]. In this presented series, posterior lamella reconstruction was made by using septal chondromucosal graft and there was no septal perforation or hemorrhage complications in our patients.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Autotransplantation
- Hemodialysis
- Isograft
- Surgery
- Tissue
- Vein
- Circulatory System
- Artery
- Flap
- Transplant Rejection