Operation Theatre: Design and Sterilization
Pradeep Venkatesh in Handbook of Vitreoretinal Surgery, 2023
Strict asepsis is a hallmark of all modern-day surgeries. Asepsis and sterile surgical technique remain the pillars for protecting the patient and for rendering the most satisfactory result from surgical intervention. Aseptic technique is constituted by the series of practices employed to prepare the environment, the personnel, and the patient, since it is near impossible to sterilize these. Practices employed to prepare the instruments, supplies, and other inanimate objects used during surgery are designated as sterile technique. The former decreases or abolishes the pathogenic load, while the latter clears all living organisms in both the vegetative and spore state. Previously, sterilization was considered an absolute process by which all micro-organisms were destroyed. This is, however, impossible because micro-organisms die logarithmically. A practical definition implies reduction of micro-organism load to a level below that required to cause infection.
ENTRIES A–Z
Philip Winn in Dictionary of Biological Psychology, 2003
(from Greek, a: not, sepsis: putrefaction) Aseptic technique is used in surgical operations and avoids the induction of putrefaction, decay or disease, by the exclusion of microorganisms and other contaminants. It is achieved by heat sterilization of all the equipment to be used in the surgical procedure, by covering the working surfaces with sterile drapes; by covering the subject of the surgical procedure with sterile drapes (except of course at the point of surgical contact); and by the surgeons wearing sterile coverings (masks, gloves, hats, gowns and so on, as required). Though most commonly associated with experimental or therapeutic surgery, aseptic techniques are used elsewhere. For example, 'aseptic' techniques are required when producing microelectronic components.
Thoracic cases
Lt Col Edward Sellon, David C Howlett, Nick Taylor in Radiology for Medical Finals, 2017
A chest drain is inserted into the pleural cavity to allow drainage of air in the context of a pneumothorax. Effective drainage requires adequate positioning of the drain with an air-tight, one-way seal to maintain subatmospheric pressure, allowing re-expansion of the lung. An aseptic technique should be used within a sterile field. Local anaesthetic must be infiltrated with sufficient time for good effect. Chest drains can be inserted using the Seldinger technique, which incorporates the use of a guide wire and dilator system over which the chest drain is passed, or via an open surgical incision (thoracostomy). Chest drains should be inserted into the ‘safe triangle’.
Occipital osteomylelitis and epidural abscess after occipital nerve block: A case report
Published in Canadian Journal of Pain, 2018
Sean D. Christie, Nelofar Kureshi, Ian Beauprie, Renn O. Holness
It is also possible that the patient’s infection was due to a lack of aseptic technique from previous occipital nerve blocks. The American Society of Anesthesiologists advocates strict adherence to aseptic techniques to avoid contamination of sterile injection equipment and reduce health care–associated infections. Aseptic technique prevents harmful microorganisms on hands, surfaces, or equipment from being introduced to the injection site. Hands must be cleaned before wearing and after removal of sterile gloves. Pre-injection skin preparation with an antiseptic solution is a clinical necessity for the administration of regional anesthesia and is critical for the prevention of surgical site infection.22 Prior to the procedure, skin preparation using chlorhexidine/alcohol solutions can reduce the risk of infection by lowering the risk of contamination from the patient’s own skin flora. The antiseptic solution should be allowed to dry before commencing the procedure for maximal benefit. Single-dose vials of drug must not be used for multiple patients and a new sterile syringe should be used each time any medication or solution is accessed.23
Management of orbital conjunctival epithelial inclusion cyst using trichloroacetic acid (20%) in an outpatient setting
Published in Orbit, 2020
David Gallagher, Barry Power, Emily Hughes, Tim Fulcher
The patient was sitting at the slit lamp for the procedure. This was an aseptic technique. 0.5% proxymetacaine was instilled three times over a 5-min interval. Two drops of betadine 5% were instilled to clean the anterior socket and fornices. The cyst was pierced and cannulated with a 24-gauge cannula attached to a 2 ml syringe (Figure 2a). The contents of the cyst were aspirated (Figure 2b). A new syringe containing 1 ml of TCA 20% was attached to the cannula and injected into the cyst for 30 seconds (Figure 2c). The TCA solution was then aspirated, and the cavity was flushed with balanced salt solution on three occasions sequentially (Figure 2d). This procedure allowed us to re-fit her prosthesis immediately after the cannula was removed. Post-procedure, she commenced on chloramphenicol eye drops four times a day for one week.
Assessment of tricalcium phosphate/collagen (TCP/collagene)nanocomposite scaffold compared with hydroxyapatite (HA) on healing of segmental femur bone defect in rabbits
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Mahmoud Mohseni, Alireza Jahandideh, Gholamreza Abedi, Abolfazl Akbarzadeh, Saeed Hesaraki
Surgical procedures were done after an intramuscular injection of Ketamine 10% (ketamine hydrochloride, 50 mg/kg) and Rompun 5% (xylazine, 5 mg/kg). The hair was removed from the surgical site and the skin was cleaned with iodinated surgical soap. Aseptic technique was used throughout the surgical procedure. An incision approximately 5 cm long was made along the medial right upper hind limb, and the middiaphyseal surface of the femur was surgically exposed by blunt dissection. The periosteum was stripped from the bone using a periosteal elevator and an approximately a 6 mm diameter–5 mm cylinder bilateral bone defect was created in the femur of one of the hind limbs. This osteotomy site was then irrigated with 0.9% saline, but periosteum around the osteotomy site was preserved and retracted with the overlying muscles. The osteotomy site was then treated according to the treatment protocol for each rabbit.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Antiseptic
- Fermentation
- Parasitism
- Pathogenic Fungus
- Sterilization
- Surgery
- Virus
- Pathogen
- Pathogenic Bacteria
- Putrefaction