Vascular tumours and congenital vascular malformations
Ken Myers, Paul Hannah, Marcus Cremonese, Lourens Bester, Phil Bekhor, Attilio Cavezzi, Marianne de Maeseneer, Greg Goodman, David Jenkins, Herman Lee, Adrian Lim, David Mitchell, Nick Morrison, Andrew Nicolaides, Hugo Partsch, Tony Penington, Neil Piller, Stefania Roberts, Greg Seeley, Paul Thibault, Steve Yelland in Manual of Venous and Lymphatic Diseases, 2017
Indications for intervention include:Cosmetically severe deformity.Severe functional impairment.Lesions located at a life-threatening region, such as adjacent to the airway,Lesions at a region threatening vital functions, such as visionLesions in a region with potentially high risk of complications, such as haemarthrosis.Disabling pain.Haemorrhage or lymph leakage.Secondary arterial ischaemia.Secondary complications from chronic venous hypertension.Infection, thrombosis, bone destruction or growth changes.High-output heart failure.
Neuroanatomy and Brain Perfusion in Functional Somatic Syndromes
Peter Manu in The Psychopathology of Functional Somatic Syndromes, 2020
A further attempt to elucidate the relationship between magnetic resonance abnormalities and clinical dimensions of chronic fatigue syndrome was made by the same group of investigators from the New Jersey Medical School, Newark (Cook et al., 2001). This time, the authors hypothesized that patients with neuroimaging abnormalities would report impaired physical functioning. Data were obtained from 48 subjects with chronic fatigue syndrome. The majority of the subjects had been included in a previous study (Lange et al., 1999). Images were obtained with 1.0 Tesla magnet that produced 5-mm thick slices. The films were read independently by two neuroradiologists who identified them as abnormal based on the detection of enlargement of the lateral ventricles; hyperintensities in the gray matter or brainstem; cerebral atrophy; and left-right hemispheric asymmetry. Functional impairment was measured with the physical functioning subscale and the physical component summary of the self-administered short form of the Medical Outcome Study questionnaire (Stewart et al., 1988).
Aging Successfully: Predictors and Pathways
James M. Rippe in Lifestyle Medicine, 2019
Despite the wealth of research evidence that has identified physical inactivity as a key risk factor for a number of chronic medical conditions that result in premature disability and/or mortality in the older adult years, only 51.2% of older adults (≥65 years) reported participating in the currently recommended level of physical activity (i.e., at least 150 min of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week or 75 min of vigorous-intensity activity per week).46 Older adults aging with a disability are even less likely to engage in any type of leisure-time activity when compared with older adults without disability. This is a particularly troublesome finding given that individuals with disability who regularly engage in physical activity derive similar health benefits. A reduction in the level of functional impairment and improvements in perceived quality of life have also been demonstrated for individuals with disability who participate in physical activity, even at different levels of intensity.47,48
Systematic review of the physical home environment and the relationship to psychological well-being among community-dwelling older adults
Published in Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 2018
Shannon M. Trecartin, Sherry M. Cummings
While the United States has experienced declining rates of functional impairment among older adults overall for nearly four decades (Guralnik, Patel, & Ferrucci, 2012), trends show significant increases in disability related to functional impairment among the younger population of older adults (aged 60–79 years) (Guralnik et al., 2012). Functional impairment refers to limitations experienced by individuals due to illness, injury, and biological or physical body structure (World Health Organization, 2011). As an umbrella term, functioning includes all body activity, structure, and ability (World Health Organization, 2001). Disability is conceptualized as impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions that occur as a result of the interaction between functional ability and environmental contributors (Thompson, Zack, Krahn, Andresen, & Barile, 2012; World Health Organization, 2001).
Conceptualization of frailty in rehabilitation interventions with adults: a scoping review
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2023
Kristina M. Kokorelias, Shawna M. Cronin, Sarah E. P. Munce, Parvin Eftekhar, Katherine S. McGilton, Shirin Vellani, Tracey J. F. Colella, Pia Kontos, Alisa Grigorovich, Andrea Furlan, Nancy M. Salbach, Susan Jaglal, Brian Chan, Jill I. Cameron
Qualitative content analysis revealed variations in the definition of frailty used. We noted no trends in definitions overtime (e.g., recent studies using similar definitions) nor by country (i.e., studies published in the same country did not use similar definitions). Of the 53 studies, 25 defined the term frailty, and among those, 13 referenced the definition proposed by Fried and colleagues [4]. Fried’s criteria [4] was conceptualized as the physical domains of frailty, and the criteria include shrinking (weight loss), weakness (handgrip strength), exhaustion or poor endurance (self-reported exhaustion), slowness (gait speed), and low activity (kilocalories expended per week). In this context, clusters of physical impairments shape frailty, and non-physical components were not considered. Studies that did not reference Fried et al.’s criteria [4], defined frailty as being related to (a) primary medical condition (e.g., terminal illness, heart failure), (b) increased age, (c) functional impairment (e.g., physical, mobility, cognitive impairment), and (d) increase in health care utilization. See Table 2 for a summary of definitions used.
Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery treatment of non-spinal intra-articular osteoblastoma: feasibility, safety, and outcomes in a single-center retrospective analysis
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2019
Francesco Arrigoni, Federico Bruno, Pierpaolo Palumbo, Luigi Zugaro, Carmine Zoccali, Antonio Barile, Carlo Masciocchi
From a clinical perspective, very good results were obtained in the current series with respect to pain relief. Because the lesion itself is responsible for pain, reduction in bone pain is the first biological indicator of the success of the procedure. All patients exhibited a significant decrease in VAS score after 6 months, and complete resolution after 1 year (p values < 0.0001). The results pertaining to functional impairment differ slightly. Unfortunately, even where ablation removes the acute stimulus (resulting in pain relief), this may not be sufficient to resolve chronic alterations such as synovial thickening and calcification that result from a long period of severe inflammation. In the subgroup analysis in the present series, there was a significant resolution of functional impairment in patients in which the diagnosis and treatment were performed shortly after symptoms onset (group A). In contrast, due to chronic alterations, patients in which diagnosis was delayed only exhibited moderate functional improvement. The lack of a significant correlation between VAS-determined pain change and VAS-determined functional impairment changes suggests that they may be independent of each other, and, therefore, pain resolution does not correspond to complete physical restitutio ad integrum. In these patients (group B), physical rehabilitation is probably also necessary.
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