Eicosanoids and Blastocyst Implantation
Murray D. Mitchell in Eicosanoids in Reproduction, 2020
Implantation involves a series of reactions between the embryo and uterus which result in the embryo becoming fixed in position within the uterus in physical contact with the maternal organism.1 There are considerable differences between species in the reactions occurring during implantation, especially in the extent of trophoblastic invasion of the endometrium.2,3 At one extreme of the spectrum are species with central implantation, in which there is no trophoblastic invasion of the endometrium; contact between the conceptus and endometrium is made as a consequence of blastocyst enlargement. The luminal epithelium of the endometrium generally remains intact. In these species, changes in the underlying endometrial stroma are usually limited. By contrast, in species with eccentric or interstitial implantation, the blastocyst remains small and the trophoblastic cells break through the luminal epithelium, either as a consequence of apoptosis of the epithelial cells or by separating the epithelial cells, and invade the endometrial stroma. Changes in the endometrial stroma adjacent to the invading conceptus are generally extensive in these species. The endometrial stromal cells proliferate and differentiate to decidual cells, and ultimately give rise to the maternal component of the placenta.
Bioresorbable scaffolds in bifurcations
Yoshinobu Onuma, Patrick W.J.C. Serruys in Bioresorbable Scaffolds, 2017
Left anterior descending artery bifurcations were the most commonly treated lesion. In over 80% of cases, a provisional approach was attempted, with crossover to stenting of the SB in approximately 5% of cases. Final KBI was performed in 18% and sequential SB-MB dilatation in 5%. The incidence of target lesion failure (TLF) in the overall cohort at 6-months follow-up was 4.4%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that bifurcation treatment was not associated with a significant increase in the risk of TLF (HR 1.37; 95% CI: 0.82–2.31, p = 0.23). On the other hand, it should be noted that some registries [17–19] and meta-analyses [20,21] have reported a higher risk of device thrombosis with BRS when compared to current generation DES. Future studies are required to further analyze whether this phenomenon is influenced by implantation technique.
Contemporary Outcomes after Venography-Guided Treatment of Patients with May-Thurner Syndrome
Juan Carlos Jimenez, Samuel Eric Wilson in 50 Landmark Papers Every Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon Should Know, 2020
While IVUS is a sensitive measure of iliac vein compression and cross-sectional area assessment, axial imaging in normal individuals has demonstrated some degree of iliac vein compression and narrowing in over 50%.2 This would suggest IVUS may be an overly sensitive test for the indication of stent implantation, and while stent implantation is generally associated with good outcomes, potential complications can include stent fracture, migration, restenosis, and occlusion. These complications have been shown to be uncommon in the short and intermediate term, but no data exists to describe the likelihood of these complications decades after implantation. This is an important factor in the risk-benefit analysis for these interventions considering the young age of many of these nonthrombotic MTS patients.
The effectiveness of micronized progesterone in the complex therapy of ‘thin endometry’ syndrome
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2021
Nagima M. Mamedalieva, Almagul M. Kurmanova, Saltanat B. Baikoshkarova, Saule Issenova, Balzira Bishekova, Gainy Zh. Anartayeva
Thus, the revealed changes in the level of immunocompetent cells indicate that the pathogenesis of miscarriage in thin endometrial syndrome is a pronounced decrease in the level of CD8 + cytotoxic/suppressor endometrial lymphocytes and CD56 + lymphocytes, as well as a sharp decrease in intracellular production of γ-interferon, IL-1 and IL-10 endometrial lymphocytes. As you know, the implantation process can be thought of as an inflammatory reaction that promotes attachment and invasion of the embryo into the endometrium, providing the necessary interaction with the maternal vascular system. Deficiency of signaling molecules and their synthesis of proteins, which occurs in the syndrome of ‘thin’ endometrium, is accompanied by disruption of peri-implantation mechanisms, including the regulatory action of sex steroid hormones.
Preliminary functional inquiry of lncRNA ENST00000433673 in embryo implantation using bioinformatics analysis
Published in Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 2019
Dong Li, Weihua Jiang, Yiqun Jiang, Shanshan Wang, Junshun Fang, Lihua Zhu, Yinchun Zhu, Guijun Yan, Haixiang Sun, Linjun Chen, Ningyuan Zhang
Embryo implantation is a very complex and multifactorial biological behavior and includes the process of locating, attaching, and invading the active embryo, thereby attaching and synchronizing with the endometrium and establishing a connection. The positioning and adhesion of EECs with embryonic trophoblast cells is the first step in process of embryo implantation, and this step allows the embryos to adhere only during the short ‘planting window’ period, with the rest of the periods playing a role for providing natural cover for defence (Denker and Thie 2001). In previous studies, we found that lncRNA ENST00000433673 was significant and highly expressed in EECs, suggesting that lncRNA ENST00000433673 may regulate the function of EECs in embryo adhesion. Simultaneously, we extracted six adhesion-related target mRNAs (CD84, ITGAL, PCDHB9, CDHR3, PARVG, and CERCAM) through relevant bioinformatics analysis methods, which further confirmed that lncRNA ENST00000433673 is highly likely to be associated with embryo adhesion during embryo implantation. Through an interaction analysis of the protein network, we found that the ITGAL interacting mRNA, ICAM1, is an adhesion molecule that is extremely relevant to embryo adhesion.
The mechanically expandable LOTUS Valve and LOTUS Edge transcatheter aortic valve systems
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2018
Amir Solomonica, Tawfiq Choudhury, Rodrigo Bagur
The LotusTM Valve system had been studied in several trials, the first of which was REPRISE I [1], a feasibility study which enrolled 11 high-risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). The REPRISE II [3] was a CE mark, single arm prospective study that enrolled 120 severe AS patients at high surgical risk. The primary end points were 30-day mortality and decrease in mean pressure gradient. This study was further expanded with the REPRISE IIE [4] cohort which therefore allowed outcome analysis of 250 patients. While hemodynamic and clinical results were very promising, there was a large proportion of the treated patients which required new permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI). The RESPOND [5] trial was a prospective, single arm, multi-center, post market, safety and performance, all-comers registry. A total of 1014 patients were enrolled to participate in this study, with a mean age of 81 years, 51% were female. The mean preoperative risk as assessed by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score was 6.0%. Implantation success rate was 98.1%. At 30 days post implantation, there were low rates of mortality (2.2%) and disabling stroke (2.2%). Notably, PVL was absent or trace in 92% of patients; however, new PPI was required in 34.6% of patients.
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- Blastocyst
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- Gestation