Behavioral Prediction of Cancer Using Machine Learning
Meenu Gupta, Rachna Jain, Arun Solanki, Fadi Al-Turjman in Cancer Prediction for Industrial IoT 4.0: A Machine Learning Perspective, 2021
Cancer, or tumors, for the past several decades have been the bane of the medical industry. Cancers are named according to the specific part of the body where they originate and the cell type of which they are made. Cancer still remains one of the leading causes of death in the world, putting the lives of millions of people in question every year. Any sort of mutation to cells or DNA is the primary cause for cancer, which poses a complex problem for medical professionals who wish to examine and treat the unforeseen and unwanted origin of cancer. The biomedical and bio-informatics field has seen remarkable and continuous evolution in the process of prognosis, diagnosis, and overall research of the different types of cancer in the past few decades. To this day, new and improved imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) scan, micro-computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are being developed to ease this process and make sure that numerous lives can be saved from the verge of death. The emergence of new technology has facilitated the process of research and implementation of such techniques by trained professionals, due to copious amounts of data being analyzed, collected, and made available to the entire biomedical and bio-informatics community for further research and understanding.
Postmortem Radiology and Digital Imaging
Cristoforo Pomara, Vittorio Fineschi in Forensic and Clinical Forensic Autopsy, 2020
The term “microimaging” includes micro-CT (micro-computed tomography) and micro-MRI (micro-magnetic resonance imaging) techniques. The micro-CT, which can be called as “high-resolution CT”, allows the virtual reconstruction of micrometer-sized structures, as the name suggests. The micro-CT, in turn, is, using a very small X-ray source, particularly useful for the study of bone structures with the great limit, of limited soft tissue definition. Micro-MRI responds to the same conventional clinical MRI procedures with a definition of 106 times smaller voxel then clinical imaging. Exactly like its clinical counterpart, the micro-MRI maintains its high diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of soft tissues.
Use of Microcomputed Tomography and Image Processing Tools in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter in Medicinal Plants, 2023
Micro-computed tomography can be realized either with synchrotron radiation or on X-ray tube. The beamline of X-ray imaging and biomedical applications (BL13W1) at SSRF is one of the typical instruments used for micro-computed tomography based on synchrotron radiation (Xie et al., 2015). The light source is a hybrid-type wiggler of eight periods in periodic length of 14 cm. The maximum K-value is 24.8 at minimum gap (17 mm) of the wiggler magnet. Energy range of the synchrotron radiation is 8–72.5 keV, corresponding to the gaps from 17 mm to 35 mm. A white beam slit is placed at 20 m away from the source point. The maximum aperture is 30 mm × 4 mm. The maximal beam size is 45 mm (H) × 5 mm (V) @32m@20 keV.
Analysis of enamel structure and mineral density after different bleaching protocols using micro-computed tomography
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2020
Derya Surmelioglu, Eda Didem Yalcin, Kaan Orhan
Bleaching may cause alteration in tooth structure regardless of agents (HP or CP) and laser activation [14,15]. Morphological changes of teeth resulting from bleaching materials have been shown by several studies using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy [16,17]. Also, mineral alterations have been shown on the enamel surfaces using energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction or infra-red spectroscopy [15,18]. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) is a widely used visualizing technique for obtaining three-dimensional images of a sample, including its internal structure by X-ray attenuation. It has the advantage of being non-destructive, non-invasive [19]. Micro-CT permits to the corrected measuring of X-ray attenuation factor within objects liable for X-ray image contrast [20] and research of fields that are difficult to examine.
Enhancing osteogenic potential of hDPSCs by resveratrol through reducing oxidative stress via the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Jingying Zhang, Rui Li, Kenny Man, Xuebin B. Yang
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis was performed as described previously (Zhang et al. 2019). Briefly, the images were obtained via ex vivo micro-CT systems (Skyscanner 1174; Skyscan, Aartselaar, Belgium). Each sample was placed in a sample holder with the sagittal suture oriented parallel to the image plane and scanned in the air using the aluminium filer (0.25 mm), isotropic voxels (13 μm), 1000 ms integration time and one frame average. The scanner was equipped with an 80 kV, 500 μA X-ray tube, and a-36.9 megapixel Calibrate Centre offset coupled to a scintillator. For three-dimensional reconstruction (NRecon software, Skyscanner, Edinburgh, UK), the greyscale was set from 50 to 140. Standard three-dimensional morphometric parameters were determined in the ROI (100 cuts; 2.5 mm circle). Representative three-dimensional images were created using CT vox software (Skyscan, Edinburgh, UK).
Quantification of porosity in composite resins delivered by injectable syringes using X-ray microtomography
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2020
Bo Wold Nilsen, Mathieu Mouhat, Asbjørn Jokstad
A non-destructive technique to identify pores in samples, which also enables estimating the pore size distribution, also known as differential pore volume distribution or porosity spectrum, is the use of x-ray microtomography, referred to as micro-CT in this article. The method is non-invasive, three-dimensional and can be used to appraise the amount of porosity both in polymerised and in unpolymerised specimens. While many studies have measured the amount of porosity in polymerised CPRs [10–13], nobody has – to the knowledge of the authors – undertaken studies of whether the unpolymerised material within CPR compules may include pores. Quantifying and characterising such pores can provide knowledge about potential sources of pores in dental restorations. With this background, the study objectives were to assess whether composite polymer resin delivered in compules include pores and the possible effect on the amount of porosity in dental restorations.
Related Knowledge Centers
- In Vivo
- Tomography
- Radiography
- X-Ray
- CT Scan
- High-Resolution Computed Tomography
- Medical Imaging
- Industrial Computed Tomography
- Camera
- Tomviz