MRCPsych Paper A1 Mock Examination 1: Answers
Melvyn WB Zhang, Cyrus SH Ho, Roger Ho, Ian H Treasaden, Basant K Puri in Get Through, 2016
Explanation: The Wisconsin card sorting task is one of the neuropsychological assessment tests of frontal lobe function. Patients are usually given a pack of cards with symbols on them, which differ in form, colour and numbers. Four stimulus cards are available and the patient has to place each response card in front of one of the four stimulus cards. The person is required during the assessment to shift the set from one type of stimulus response to another as indicated by the psychologist.
Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST): Normative Data for the Lebanese Adult Population
Published in Developmental Neuropsychology, 2019
Sahar Rammal, Jessica Abi Chahine, Malak Rammal, Youssef Fares, Linda Abou Abbas
The Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST) (Nelson, 1976; Schretlen, 2010), a simplified version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST; Berg, 1948), is a widely used instrument for assessing higher order cognitive functions related to the frontal lobes of the brain. The M-WCST consists of two sets of 24 cards instead of two groups of 64 cards excluding all those cards sharing more than one attribute (e.g., sharing both color and form) with a key card, in order to eliminate ambiguity in interpreting responses (Nelson, 1976). Contrarily to the standard WCST administration whereby participants must match each response card to a stimulus card according to a particular principle (color first), in the M-WCST whichever sorting category the examinee chooses first is designed as correct. In addition, the required number of consecutive correct sorts for completing a category is decreased from 10 in the WCST to 6 in the M-WCST. Moreover, after six consecutive correct sorts, the participant is informed that the rule has changed and he has to find another rule, while no information was given in WCST. Finally, Nelson redefined perseverative errors as any error in which the sorting category chosen is the same as that used for the immediately preceding response.
Oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with psoriasis; is there any relationship with psychiatric comorbidity and cognitive functions?
Published in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2019
Erdem Deveci, Tuba Kocacenk, Ebru Şahan, Onur Yılmaz, Ahmet Öztürk, İsmet Kırpınar
It is used to evaluate short-term memory, working memory and split attention [42,43]. Turkish validity and reliability study was performed by Anıl et al. in 2003 [44]. In the first part, 3 consonants are read to subject and he/she is asked to repeat these letters as soon as the table is gently touched by hand. In the second part; after reading 3 consonants, subject is told a specific number. He/she is asked to count backward from this number, after a certain period of time subject should stop counting upon touching the table and repeat first 3 consonants. Time to wait after each question is determined in the test. Total number of letters remembered is recorded. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Neuropsychological functions and psychiatric symptoms in late-onset manifestation of pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration: a clinical case report
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2020
Rosanna Palmeri, Viviana Lo Buono, Matteo Berenati, Mina Caporale, Giuseppe Stroscio, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Alessia Bramanti, Chiara Sorbera, Silvia Marino
The neuropsychological evaluation exhibited a good performance in memory tasks (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test) [12] and in attentive shifting, tested by Trail Making Test [13]; a borderline performance was observed in selective attention (Attentional Matrices) [14]. Executive functions, such as the ability to access phonemic stores, inhibition control, and fluid intelligence were impaired. Indeed, in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the patient showed a tendency to perseveration and a deficit in logical and problem solving skills [15] (see Table 1). Moreover, he exhibited obsessive ideation, confirmed by Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) [16] (Table 2), impulsivity and disinhibition. His behavior was inappropriate to the context. Sexual ideation was predominant and he performed repetitive actions (e.g., he brought breakfast to the doctors every morning). He denied deficits.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Acquired Brain Injury
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