Narcotic Addiction
Mark S. Gold, R. Bruce Lydiard, John S. Carman in Advances in Psychopharmacology: Predicting and Improving Treatment Response, 2018
Before dealing with the psychopharmacological treatment of opiate addicts, it is important to have a picture of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in these patients. Information for making diagnostic judgments are collected using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). On the basis of this information collected, the methadone-addicted subjects are classified by the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), which are a set of operational diagnostic definitions with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria for a variety of nosologic groups.
The Spectrum of Mood Disorders Associated with Premenstrual Dysphoria
Peter Manu in The Psychopathology of Functional Somatic Syndromes, 2020
Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, a semistructured interview providing a detailed description of current and past psychopathological changes (Endicott and Spitzer, 1978). To avoid potential confusion between long episodes of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder and short episodes of depression, the authors decided to diagnose mood disorders only when the duration of the episode was greater than one month.
Measurements of Depression and Anxiety Disorders
Siegfried Kasper, Johan A. den Boer, J. M. Ad Sitsen in Handbook of Depression and Anxiety, 2003
The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) [1] was initially developed in an effort to reduce information variance in both the descriptive and diagnostic evaluation of the subjects for the National Institute of Mental Health Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression. This instrument can be used in clinical or nonclinical settings. SADS is a semistructured instrument, which should be administered by a clinician. It evaluates mental disorders according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) [2] which is a precursor of DSM-III. The RDC covers 23 major diagnostic categories including mood disorders and anxiety disorders. The instrument consists of two sections: the first covers the symptoms of current mental disorders and the second covers the lifetime history of mental disorders before the year preceding the interview. Individual symptoms and other aspects of current affective (mood) disorders, psychotic disorders, and anxiety disorders are rated in detail in scales of severity. Symptoms are rated according to their most severe level during the current episode and at the level they were experienced in the week before the interview. Clinically significant symptoms of lifetime disorders are rated as present or absent. The time required for administering the instrument is typically 1 to 3 h depending on the symptoms present. Different versions of SADS include SADS-L (lifetime),SADS-LB (specifically intended to evaluate bipolar disorders), and SADS-LA (anxiety disorders). It is important to note that this instrument does not generate diagnoses according to the DSM-IV criteria; it seems to be very useful in that it provides for (1) a detailed description of the features of the current episodes of illness when they were at their most severe; (2) a description of the level of severity of manifestations of major dimensions of psychopathology during the week preceding the evaluation, which can be used as a measure of change; (3) a progression of questions and criteria, which provides information for making diagnoses; and (4) a detailed description of past psychopathology and functioning relevant to an evaluation of diagnosis, prognosis, and overall severity of disturbance. Test-retest reliability of summary scale scores from Part I of the SADS is good [3]. Test-retest reliability of disorders shows good agreement (kappa > 0.65) for most disorders and subtypes of affective disorders. Finally, SADS item and scale scores are shown to be sensitive to change in placebo- controlled medication studies.
Serum zonulin and claudin-5 levels in children with obsessive–compulsive disorder
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Ümit Işık, Pınar Aydoğan Avşar, Evrim Aktepe, Duygu Kumbul Doğuç, Faruk Kılıç, Halil İbrahim Büyükbayram
Patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic for child and adolescent psychiatry at the Süleyman Demirel University Medical Faculty. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children, Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) [29,30] was used to screen all patients for psychiatric disorders. The following exclusion criteria were implemented: the existence of psychiatric disorders such as mental retardation, ASD, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression; major physical (such as diabetes mellitus), allergic, or neurological diseases; those with body mass index (BMI) percentile ≥95%; use of corticosteroids or a drug that affects the immunological system in the last 6 months; having an active infection within the past month; and clinical suspicion of PANDAS or PANS. The control group consisted of healthy children and adolescents matched by age and gender who applied to the hospital for a routine check-up. The same exclusion criteria were performed for the control group that was not affected by a major mental disorder. The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee at Suleyman Demirel University Medical Faculty. The study’s subjects, and parents of the subjects, were briefed about the purpose of the study, and written consent was obtained from each of them.
Psychopathology, health-related quality-of-life and parental attitudes in pediatric asthma
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2019
Hicran Doğru, Aslı Sürer-Adanır, Esin Özatalay
Structured psychiatric interviews were conducted with the participants in order to identify mental disorders. A validated tool was used for this purpose: schedule for affective disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL). Both groups of children were invited to complete the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) and the pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL) child-self report (CSR). The parental attitude research instrument (PARI), the coping strategy indicator (CSI) and the PedsQL parent-proxy report (PPR) were given to the parents of children in both groups. All children and parents were assessed by a child and adolescent psychiatrist. Subjects who were in the control group were assessed through a preliminary interview for eligibility. The criteria for daily internet heavy use (>4 h) was adopted from the study of Ko et al. [13] who explain the neurobiological addiction mechanism in advanced players of a specific internet game. Sports habit of participants represented weekly participation in organized sports.
The correspondence of parent-reported measures of adolescent alcohol and cannabis use with adolescent-reported measures: A systematic review
Published in Substance Abuse, 2020
Timothy F. Piehler, Sun-Kyung Lee, Ali Stockness, Ken C. Winters
Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS). The K-SADS is a semi-structured diagnostic interview that gathers a comprehensive assessment of the child's current and past psychiatric, behavioral, and social functioning.40 The K-SADS yields DSM diagnostic information, as well as use pattern behavior regarding a variety of substances. The K-SADS may be used to interview both adolescents and parents and is available in both an epidemiologic version (K-SADS-E) that obtains lifetime symptoms and associated diagnoses and a present episode version (K-SADS-P) for current symptoms and diagnoses. Six studies in the current review utilized versions of the K-SADS.7,10,41–44
Related Knowledge Centers
- Anxiety Disorder
- Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
- Major Depressive Disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Bipolar Disorder
- Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
- Schizoaffective Disorder
- Research Diagnostic Criteria
- Kiddie Schedule For Affective Disorders & Schizophrenia
- Development of The Human Body