Performance in Small Student Groups
Kenneth I. Mavor, Michael J. Platow, Boris Bizumic in Self and Social Identity in Educational Contexts, 2017
The Big Five personality traits are extroversion, neuroticism (often referred to by its converse – emotional stability), openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (see Digman, 1990; Goldberg et al., 2006; McCrae and Costa, 1996; McCrae and Terracciano, 2005). Extraversion refers to the degree to which individuals are outgoing, energetic, sociable, vigorous, and excitement seeking. Neuroticism refers to individuals’ susceptibility to experience negative emotions, including anxiety, stress, anger, and depression. Openness to experience primarily refers to individuals’ creativity, adventurousness, broad-mindedness, imagination, and artistic interests. Agreeableness, the main interpersonal component, refers to the degree to which an individual is cooperative, considerate, altruistic, modest, and trustful. Finally, conscientiousness refers to the degree to which individuals are responsible, hard-working, organised, and diligent.
The experience of ageing: Influences on mental health and well-being
V. Minichiello, I. Coulson in Contemporary Issues in Gerontology, 2012
Lang et al (1998) followed up the Lang and Carstensen (1994) study using a larger sample size, although again the study was not longitudinal. Their analysis was based on the full sample of the BASE study, 516 older people, 156 of whom were used in the 1994 study. Lang et al (1998) used all 516 participants to investigate the contribution of personality versus social context in shaping the size of participants’ social networks and their average level of emotional closeness to people within their network. Personality was measured with items assessing extraversion, neuroticism and openness to experience. Social context referred to whether the person had nuclear family members or no nuclear family available. The personality measures were related to network size with extra-version and openness to experience positively related to network size and neuroticism negatively related to network size. Only neuroticism was related to average emotional closeness to network members. However, social context was a more powerful predictor of emotional closeness than neuroticism. Those with a nuclear family had larger networks and higher averages of emotional closeness. The complement of 360 participants used in the 1998 but not the 1994 study was analysed to cross-validate the 1994 study and the same pattern of results was found. The inner sanctum of emotional closeness did not decrease over the age span, unlike the outer circles.
Individual and Group Psychotherapy of Functional GI Disorders
Kevin W. Olden in Handbook of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2020
The clinician should be especially attuned to the dimensions of neuroticism, extroversion, and openness to experience. Neuroticism as a general tendency toward emotional distress and instability has been elucidated by both the five-factor model of personality and Eysenck’s approach to such trait taxonomy (35). Neurotic patients also tend to focus on somatic complaints. Openness to experience is an important construct that can determine whether a patient with functional bowel complaints is capable of making cognitive readjustments about the etiology of the disorder. Personality traits can be determined by administering a brief form of the five-factor inventory and discussing the results with the patient. Miller (36) has recently described utilization of this inventory in clinical work.
Reopening Openness to Experience: A Network Analysis of Four Openness to Experience Inventories
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2019
Alexander P. Christensen, Katherine N. Cotter, Paul J. Silvia
Openness to Experience is a broad and complex trait that has gone by many names over the years, such as Openness to Experience, Intellect, Culture, Imagination, and Creativity (Fiske, 1949; Goldberg, 1981; Johnson, 1994; Norman, 1963; Saucier, 1992). Given the trait's breadth and complexity, researchers have identified two aspects of Openness to Experience: Openness to Experience (for clarity, hereafter referred to as Experiencing, following Connelly, Ones, Davies, & Birkland, 2014) from the questionnaire tradition (Costa & McCrae, 1992), and Intellect from the lexical tradition (Goldberg, 1981). The experiencing aspect is characterized by an appreciation for aesthetics, openness to emotions and sensations, absorption in fantasy, and engagement with perceptual and sensory information (DeYoung, Grazioplene, & Peterson, 2012). The intellect aspect is characterized by intellectualism, enjoyment of philosophy, curiosity, and engagement with abstract and semantic information (DeYoung et al., 2012).
A cross-national examination of cannabis protective behavioral strategies’ role in the relationship between Big Five personality traits and cannabis outcomes
Published in The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2022
Luke Herchenroeder, Laura Mezquita, Adrian J. Bravo, Angelina Pilatti, Mark A. Prince, Cross-Cultural Addictions Study Team
The Five-Factor Model (FFM) is a widely used model of human personality (12,13). This conceptualization of personality refers to the existence of five personality dimensions: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism (or the positive end of the spectrum, emotional stability). Openness to experience reflects individual differences in creativity, open-mindedness, curiosity, and appreciation of beauty. Conscientiousness refers to individual differences in delaying gratification, adhering to norms and rules, and thinking before acting. Extraversion reflects individual differences in assertiveness, gregariousness, and the experience of being energized around other people. Agreeableness reflects individual differences in cooperation, sympathy, and altruism. Lastly, neuroticism (or low emotional stability) represents individual differences in experiencing negative emotions such as fear, anger, or irritability, as well as a tendency toward self-consciousness. These five traits have consistently emerged in a variety of studies spanning many languages and cultures (14,15).
HEXACO Personality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Domain- and Facet-Level Meta-Analysis
Published in Human Performance, 2021
Jan Luca Pletzer, Janneke K. Oostrom, Reinout E. de Vries
The Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience domains are conceptually very similar to their Big Five counterparts, and we therefore expect similar relations for these HEXACO domains with OCB compared to their Big Five counterparts. Extraverted individuals are social and energetic, which predisposes them to help others and to attend social gatherings at work (Gonzalez-Mulé, DeGeest, McCormick, Seong, & Brown, 2014). Conscientious individuals are organized, diligent, and hard-working, and engaging in OCB contributes to their sense of accomplishment at work (Raja, Johns, & Ntalianis, 2004). Openness to Experience describes an individual’s tendency to be creative and to accept the unusual. Because of their interest and engagement with knowledge and new ideas, such individuals may be more likely to share knowledge with others (Cabrera, Collins, & Salgado, 2006), which should generally increase their likelihood to engage in OCB. Hence, HEXACO Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience are expected to exhibit significant positive correlations with OCB.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Absorption
- Big Five Personality Traits
- Creativity
- Psychometrics
- Revised Neo Personality Inventory
- Personality Psychology
- Facet
- Subjective Well-Being
- Lexical Hypothesis
- Hexaco Model of Personality Structure