The psychology of talent development in Paralympic sport: The role of personality
Nima Dehghansai, Ross A. Pinder, Joe Baker in Talent Development in Paralympic Sport: Researcher and practitioner perspectives, 2023
In our discussion of personality we emphasize the FFM because of its strong conceptual and measurement underpinnings and history of use for sport-based research (Allen et al., 2011, 2013). The FFM personality constructs are neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and openness. Neuroticism reflects a person who is frequently anxious and experiences emotional highs and lows. Emotional stability is typically seen as the opposite end of the spectrum from neuroticism in the FFM literature. Neuroticism is similar to trait anxiety, and in athletics, sport trait anxiety is negatively related to performance, suggesting athletes high in neuroticism will perform more poorly, in general, compared to athletes who are more emotionally stable. Anxious athletes may suffer from less than optimal attentional patterns (e.g., reduced focus) and detrimental changes in motor behavior patterns (e.g., tense muscles) leading to poor performance.
Personality and stress
Tony Cassidy in Stress, Cognition and Health, 2023
There have been some interesting studies looking at the personality correlates of stress during the COVID pandemic (Anglim & Horwood, 2021; Ikizer et al., 2022; Kohút, Kohútov´a & Halama, 2021). Minahan, Falzarano, Yazdani & Siedlecki, 2021; Zacher & Rudolph, 2021). These studies provide strong evidence for the link between neuroticism and stress as the main personality dimension. As discussed previously, there are issues with neuroticism as a predictor of stress because of the problem of covariance. The negative affectivity critique of Watson and Pennebaker (1989) suggests that a general tendency towards negative affect my underpin both neuroticism and perceived stress. Traits are very broad measures of a range of underlying behaviours. For example, neuroticism is made up of tendency to worry, easily stressed, mood swings, easily upset, irritability, feeling blue and easily disturbed. Each of these individual facets may have a different effect on the person’s behaviour. Gartland, O’Connor, Lawton and Ferguson (2014) found that it was just two of the facets of conscientiousness (order and industriousness) which impacted on reduced stress. There are reasons why the trait approach to stress may not be useful. We will return to this after we look at an alternative personality perspective on stress.
Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Spirituality in Cardiovascular Disease
Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston in Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
There is a high level of comorbidity between depression and anxiety, even in their clinical forms of MDD and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). In fact, it has been postulated that MDD and GAD may be different presentations of the same disorder.25 Comorbidity rates between MDD and GAD range from 40% to 98%, with 67% of individuals with GAD reporting MDD at some point in their lives, and 20% of individuals with MDD reporting GAD in the past.26 In addition to common features, there also appears to be shared etiological factors, including similar genetics,27 and the trait of neuroticism that predisposes for both depression and anxiety.26 However, it is possible that comorbidity is due to overlap in the diagnostic criteria for disorders such as MDD and GAD.28 Both depression and anxiety have been shown to be correlated with CVD.
Association Between Personality Traits and Functional Limitations in Older Adults with Affective Disorders: A Cross Sectional Study
Published in Clinical Gerontologist, 2023
Manon van Steen, Monique Zoet, Gert Jan Hendriks, Didi Rhebergen, Astrid Lugtenburg, Monique Lammers, Rob van den Brink, Radboud Marijnissen, Richard Oude Voshaar, Rose M. Collard, Paul Naarding
Neuroticism is composed of the facets: anxiety, anger hostility, depression, self-consciousness, impulsiveness and vulnerability (Costa & McCrae, 1995). Neuroticism refers to emotional (in)stability. People that score highly on Neuroticism are inclined to experience negative emotions such as fear, anger and guilt. They tend to feel worried, unhappy and unsafe (Hoekstra et al., 2007). Extraversion is composed of the facets: warmth, gregariousness, assertiveness, activity, excitement seeking and positive emotions (Costa & McCrae, 1995). Extraverted people direct energy, attention and orientation outwards. They like to be in the company of others and enjoy socializing (Hoekstra et al., 2007). Openness to experience is composed of the facets: fantasy, aesthetics, feelings, actions, ideas and values (Costa & McCrae, 1995). People that score high on Openness to experience are usually curious, flexible and playful (Hoekstra et al., 2007). Agreeableness is measured on the facets: trust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty and tender-mindedness (Costa & McCrae, 1995). Agreeable people are generally willing to help others, humble, cooperative and kind (Hoekstra et al., 2007). Lastly, Conscientiousness is composed of the facets: competence, order, dutifulness, achievement striving, self-discipline and deliberation (Costa & McCrae, 1995). Conscientious people are disciplined, reliable, self-controlled and thoughtful (Hoekstra et al., 2007).
‘Personality and bipolar disorder: personality profiles of patients with remitted bipolar disorder and matched controls in a Danish sample’
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2023
Lene Seeberg Nielsen, Sarah Krarup Larsen, Claudio Csillag, Erik Lykke Mortensen, Maj Vinberg
Based on the FFM model Costa and McCrae [7] developed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). The five dimensions measured by NEO PI-R are Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. Each of the five dimensions consists of six facets, which provide a detailed personality description. Neuroticism is the predisposition to experience psychological stress and a tendency to experience negative affect such as depression, anxiety, irritability and guilt. Extraversion reflects the individual’s behavior in interpersonal relationships and encompasses sociability and activity. Openness to Experience involves an intellectual and behavioral curiosity as well as sensitivity towards feelings. Agreeableness shows aspects of interpersonal tendencies such as trust, altruism, and compliance. Conscientiousness reflects internal locus of control, sense of competence and the individual’s capability to plan, organize and implement actions.
Predicting Mate Poaching Experiences from Personality Traits Using a Dyadic Analysis
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2023
Igor Kardum, Jasna Hudek-Knezevic, Karolina Marijanović, Todd K. Shackelford
Personality traits are distal variables that influence relationship outcomes through several mediating mechanisms (Roberts et al., 2007). First, personality traits affect people’s exposure to relationship events such as stressful situations and conflicts. For example, people high in neuroticism are more likely to expose themselves to daily conflicts in a relationship (Suls & Martin, 2005). Second, personality traits affect people’s reactions to their partners’ behaviors. People high in neuroticism interpret ambiguous relationship situations more negatively, which then affects both partners’ relationship satisfaction (Finn et al., 2013). Third, personality traits evoke partners’ behaviors, which affect relationship quality. A meta-analytic study found that four of the five-factor personality traits – lower neuroticism, and higher agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion – are related to greater relationship satisfaction (Malouff et al., 2010). Furthermore, individuals high on the DT traits are less likely to have a committed, loving, and satisfying romantic relationship. For example, the DT traits negatively affect commitment in a romantic relationship, and relationship satisfaction mediates these links (Smith et al., 2014). This may be especially relevant for mate poaching experiences, because negative relationship outcomes, such as lower relationship satisfaction and lower commitment, may facilitate short-term mating strategies.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Anxiety
- Big Five Personality Traits
- Jealousy
- Psychology
- Trait Theory
- Worry
- Fear
- Anger
- Frustration
- Envy