Health promotion and wellbeing
Greta Thornbory, Susanna Everton in Contemporary Occupational Health Nursing, 2017
Continuum-based psychological theories such as the health belief model aim to predict the variables involved in change and then focus on increasing or improving all those variables. Harrison et al.24 described the health belief model in their meta-analysis of the use of the health belief model among adults in 1992. The health belief model was first developed in the 1960s and 1970s and is a value model that tries to explain individual health behaviour and behaviour change based on: the perception of the severity and likelihood of the health effectan evaluation of the behaviour changeinternal and external cues to action.
Doctor-Patient Communication and Adherence to Treatment
Lynn B. Myers, Kenny Midence in Adherence to Treatment in Medical Conditions, 2020
Health belief model (e.g. Becker and Maiman, 1975; 1980; Becker, 1985). This model states that a person’s motivation to follow medical advice is related to four factors: the person’s level of interest in (and concern about) health matters, their perception of how susceptible they are to an illness, their perception of the severity of the illness and its consequences, and the balance of costs and benefits in engaging in the behaviour. The concept of self-efficacy (the person’s perception of how capable they feel in dealing with the situation) was later incorporated into this model (Rosenstock et al., 1988). Studies attempting to link health beliefs and adherence have found positive relationships (Becker, 1985) although there have been mixed findings (Bruhn, 1983). However, there is evidence that identifying and addressing patients’ health beliefs during a consultation is effective in improving adherence. Inui et al. (1976) conducted an intervention study which involved training a group of doctors in a hypertension clinic. The doctors were given a tutorial (1–2 hours in length) explaining why patients might not adhere to treatment and suggesting strategies based on the health belief model. The intervention led to an increased proportion of time spent by the doctors on patient education, leading to more accurate patient knowledge and beliefs about hypertension and its treatment, higher rates of adherence to treatment and improved blood pressure control.
Cardiac Patient Substance Abuse Group
Gary Rosenberg, Andrew Weissman, Maurice Scott Fisher in Social Group Work with Cardiac Patients, 2012
The stages of change model encompasses many concepts from previously developed models (Prochaska and DiClemente 1992). The health belief model (Rosenstock 1974), the locus of control model (Lefcourt and Davidson-Katz 1991), and behavioral models (Skinner 1950) fit together well within this framework. During the precontemplation stage, patients do not consider change. They may not believe that their behavior is a problem or that it will negatively affect them (health belief model), or they may be resigned to their unhealthy behavior because of previous failed efforts and no longer believe that they have control (external locus of control). During the contemplation stage, patients struggle with ambivalence, weighing the pros and cons of their current behavior and the benefits of and barriers to change (health belief model). Cognitive-behavioral models of change (e.g., focusing on coping skills or environmental manipulation) and twelve-step programs fit well in the preparation, action, and maintenance stages (Fisher 1995). Motivational interviewing techniques (Miller and Rollnick 1991) help the cardiac patient self-assess what stage he or she is in relative to willingness to change (e.g., moderate alcohol and drug use, quitting all substance use). Socratic questioning and reflexive and responsive listening and interaction help the cardiac patient with substance abuse or dependency problem self-assess his or her outcome expectations in relation to his or her health and cardiac recovery.
Health concerns and attitudes towards research participation in a community of rural Black Americans
Published in Clinical Gerontologist, 2023
Priscilla A. Amofa, Andrea M. Kurasz, Glenn E. Smith, Shellie-Anne Levy
Focus groups can facilitate patient-centered strategies in aging research by targeting and addressing specific concerns of the population of interest (Barrios et al., 2016; Smith et al., 2017). A similar approach, grounded in the Health Belief Model, can be employed with Black American communities to help identify and better address concerns regarding aging and ADRD research. The Health Belief Model is a value-based model that perceives health behavior as a function of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity of disease, perceived benefits of current behavior, and perceived costs of/barriers to the desired behavior (Becker, 1974). The model has been used to better understand individual and community beliefs surrounding health conditions and health-related behaviors (Becker, 1974; Glanz, Rimer, & Viswanath, 1992).
Exploring African American Adolescent Females’ Sexual Health Beliefs: A Qualitative Secondary Data Analysis
Published in American Journal of Sexuality Education, 2023
Jessica L. Corcoran, Gwendolyn D. Childs, Susan L. Davies, Candace C. Knight, Robin G. Lanzi, Peng Li, Sigrid L. Ladores
A modification of the health belief model by Rosenstock et al. (1988) guided the exploration of perceptions of sexual health education, perceived threat (susceptibility and severity) of adverse sexual health outcomes, and benefits, disadvantages, and barriers to condom usage. The health belief model is consistently used to explain or predict health behaviors through examining health beliefs, such as the threat of a disease and the barriers and benefits associated with particular behaviors (e.g., condom usage). In this study, the health belief model will be used a priori to group (1) individual perceptions of sexual health education, (2) the perceived severity and susceptibility to pregnancy and STIs, and (3) the perceived benefits and barriers to condom usage. The health belief model is one of the most commonly used guiding frameworks in health education, disease prevention, and health promotion research and as such is an appropriate framework for this study (Tarkang & Zotor, 2015).
Awareness and knowledge about HIV/AIDS among women of reproductive age in Tajikistan
Published in AIDS Care, 2020
The majority of prior HIV research in Tajikistan (Golobof, Weine, Bahromov, & Luo, 2011; King, Maksymenko, Almodovar-Diaz, & Johnson, 2016; Weine, Bahromov, Loue, & Owens, 2013) targeted risk groups (e.g., Injection drug users or labor migrants). A limited number of studies (Zainiddinov & Habibov, 2016, 2018) assessed awareness and knowledge of HIV among women of reproductive age; however, the researchers used data collected in 2000 and 2005. These studies found a lack of knowledge about HIV prevention methods, and many women failed to reject myths and misconceptions regarding HIV transmission. Zainiddinov (2019) also found the persistence of HIV-related discriminatory attitudes. Moreover, women with HIV are highly stigmatized due to the belief that immoral behavior leads to acquiring HIV and societal norms surrounding female sexuality (Smolak, 2010). Considering the observed rise in new HIV infections among women, among this population, the determinants of HIV/AIDS awareness and knowledge and areas for improvement need to be identified. The health belief model (Rosenstock, Strecher, & Becker, 1988) guided this research. The model postulates that an individual’s knowledge of HIV/AIDS, its modes of transmission, and effective prevention methods are likely to influence HIV-related behaviors.
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