Sensitive Skin and Noneczematous Dermatoses
Golara Honari, Rosa M. Andersen, Howard Maibach in Sensitive Skin Syndrome, 2017
SD is a common, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by the presence of thin erythematous scaly plaques and patches with ill-defined borders. It mainly affects sebum-rich areas of the body such as the scalp, face, upper chest, and back and may be associated with symptoms of sensitive skin such as pruritus (32). SD is common, affecting approximately 11% of the general population and up to 70% of infants in the first 3 months of life (33). Among adults, the peak incidence is in the third and fourth decades of life and is often associated with a substantially negative impact on quality of life (34). The severity of SD is highly variable and occurs more frequently in certain medical conditions including Parkinson’s disease, familial amyloidosis, and trisomy 21. Abrupt onset and severe recalcitrant SD may also be the result of underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection where it is the most common dermatoses (occurring in 31% of patients including those on antiretrovirals). It can occur in the setting of immunosuppressant medication (renal transplant patients) and with certain psychotropic medications. Patients also report emotional stress and fatigue as exacerbating factors (35).
Stress and Coping
Deborah Fish Ragin in Health Psychology, 2017
Research suggests that physiological symptoms such as an inability to sleep, atypical eating behavior, and increased irritability are common responses to psychosocial or psychological stress (Epel, Lapidus, McEwen, & Brownell, 2001; Haynes, Lee, & Yeomans, 2003; Pawlyk, Morrison, Ross, & Brennan, 2008; Orsal, Orsal, Alparslan & Unsal, 2012). For example, Orsal, Orsal, Alparslan, and Unsal (2012) found an association between psychological stress among college students and sleep disturbances. Results from their study with Turkish male and female college students showed that the student’s perceptions of the new demands of college, together with additional worries about living away from home, financial worries, and concerns about moral behavior led to higher reports of poor sleep quality among female students. Male students, by comparison, reported no significant impact on sleep quality.
Mental III Health in Primary Care
Andrew Stevens, James Raftery, Jonathan Mant, Sue Simpson in Health Care Needs Assessment, 2018
The majority of people who commit suicide have some form of mental disorder, most frequently depression, at the time of death. It is as yet unclear why there is an association between mental illness and increased mortality from physical conditions. A number of factors are likely to be involved; increased risk behaviours (e.g. smoking), self-neglect, adverse environments, poor professional monitoring of physical health and/or a causal association between mental and physical ill health. The way in which the latter can be explained is not well understood, but in depression for example, there has been shown to be an association between coronary artery disease than cannot be easily explained by other factors.20 In the US Epidemiological Catchment Area Studies this held true for sub-syndromal depression, as well as major depression.21 There is an increasing body of evidence linking emotional stress to changes in the functioning of the immune system that may then have an impact on physical health.22
The Phys-Can study: meaningful and challenging - supervising physical exercise in a community-based setting for persons undergoing curative oncological treatment
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Anna Henriksson, Helena Igelström, Cecilia Arving, Karin Nordin, Birgitta Johansson, Ingrid Demmelmaier
Adapting to a new role may be challenging. In the case of the coaches, they had to handle their own initial concerns regarding exercise during cancer treatment up until the point when they realized it was feasible. Also, it could be a challenge to assess participants’ side effects and differentiate them from normal feelings of physical exertion during exercise. It seemed that practical experience was necessary in order to feel confident when supervising exercise for cancer survivors. This is in line with a study of physical therapists using BCTs within a PA intervention for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, which reported that education and support were important in helping the physical therapists transition into the coach role (Nessen, Opava, Martin, and Demmelmaier, 2014). Another important aspect to address is helping coaches develop coping strategies to handle the emotional challenges that may occur, especially for coaches who are new to working with persons with cancer. For instance, talking to colleagues about difficult situations, such as when a participant has a relapse of cancer, may be a way to cope and reduce emotional stress (Guveli et al., 2015).
Frequency, Characteristics and Risk Factors of Aggressive Incidents in a Paediatric Rehabilitation Setting: A Prospective Survey
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2020
S B B Meier, Y Uenver, A Stooss, A Meyer-Heim
WPV has a big impact on the physical and emotional well-being of staff. Fear, anxiety, and anger have been commonly reported non-somatic effects following an aggressive incident (AI).10,11 In addition to physical injuries directly related to WPV due to violent acts like pinching, scratching, kicking or biting, indirect effects occur.12 Emotional stress and use of restrictions on aggressive patients can lead to symptoms such as muscle tension, headaches, and substance abuse.13,14 An important bio-physiological effect which might add to these symptoms after facing an aggressive incident is guilt and self-blame by employees.10 These feelings can result in employees not reporting incidents, which furthermore leads to the staff not receiving the support needed. Isolated symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been identified in employees in various degrees following an AI.10 AI only occasionally lead to a fully established PTSD with symptoms of all three categories (avoidance, increased arousal,persistent re-experience.10 In a systematic review of literature Lanctôt et al. found four studies which reported that health-care workers suffering from PTSD ranged from 5% to 32% after being exposed to aggression.11
General practitioners’ experiences with children and adolescents with functional gastro-intestinal disorders: a qualitative study in Norway
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 2021
Children and adolescents with functional gastro-intestinal disorders (FGIDs) are frequently seen by general practitioners (GPs [1–3]). In Norway, 8.4% of children between 6 and 15 years visited their GP for gastrointestinal symptoms in 2019 (Statistics Norway). A study from the Netherlands found that for around 80% of children who consulted their GP for abdominal pain, the final diagnosis was ‘functional abdominal pain’ [1]. In 1958, John Apley, a British paediatrician, published his pioneering research in children with functional abdominal pain, which he labelled recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) syndrome [4]. He found that 11% of British schoolchildren had RAP and stated, ‘It is a fallacy that a physical symptom always has a physical cause and needs a physical treatment’ [4]. Since then, the term RAP has been replaced by FGIDs, as defined by the Rome criteria [5]. The prevalence of FGIDs using the Rome IV criteria in children ranges from 21 to 25% [6]. The worldwide pooled prevalence of FGIDs in children 4–18 years old is 13.5%. However, the prevalence across studies varies widely from 1.6 to 41.2% [7]. FGIDs are characterised by chronic or recurrent digestive symptoms without an underlying somatic disease or biochemical abnormality [5]. In the ICPC system, we would code it D87 Stomach functional disorders or D93 Irritable bowel syndrome [8]. The abdominal pain may also be a somatic feature of underlying emotional stress including anxiety and depression [9]. The diagnosis is exclusively based on symptoms reported by the children and their parents. The condition has no biological markers.
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