Sensory processing
Ajay Sharma, Helen Cockerill, Lucy Sanctuary in Mary Sheridan's From Birth to Five Years, 2021
Sensory processing is a developmental process – it changes with time and experience – with a wide range of patterns seen in typically developing children. And like with any other developmental process, some children show atypical patterns. Such atypical patterns are seen mostly, though not exclusively, in association with other neurodevelopmental disorders, for example, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Poor sensory processing makes it hard for the child to coordinate actions and movements and creates functional difficulties across various activities – hand function, mobility, communication, socialising and organising.
Other conditions that can coexist with DCD/dyspraxia
Jill Christmas, Rosaline Van de Weyer in Hands on Dyspraxia: Developmental Coordination Disorder, 2019
There are a range of specific learning differences which can coexist with developmental coordination disorder: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) also known as dyspraxiaDyslexiaDyscalculiaAttention deficit disorder (ADD)Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD)Developmental language disorders (DLD).Neuro-diversity is a wonderful umbrella term which describes the range of differences in individual brain function and behavioural traits, regarded as part of normal variation in the human population. Human beings are naturally neuro-diverse, which is indicated through our day- to-day needs and preferences.
Development of fundamental movement skills
Andrea Utley in Motor Control, Learning and Development, 2018
When considering development, it must be remembered that the progression of change is not the same for all children nor does it take an orderly age-related sequence. We are all individual and have different movement experience; there is no such thing as ‘normal’. It must also be remembered that every year a number of children are born with some form of movement difficulty (Utley 2007). The nature and the extent of movement difficulties are varied, and the impact on the child’s functional ability ranges from mild to severe. Throughout this chapter, reference will be made to children with movement difficulties, and Table 15.1 gives an example of some of the movement difficulties that children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and cerebral palsy (CP) might encounter. Children with movement difficulties may have an identifiable medical or neurological condition such as spina bifida or Down syndrome or they may have no identifiable medical condition or neurological disease. What is vital is that each child is treated as an individual, and appropriate strategies must be put in place to assist the child in developing a wide range of movement skills that facilitate functional independence.
Position Sense Dysfunction Affects Proximal and Distal Arm Joints in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2019
Yu-Ting Tseng, Chia-Liang Tsai, Fu-Chen Chen, Jürgen Konczak
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by poor motor skill learning and uncoordinated movements that significantly interfere with a child's activities of daily living, academic achievement, and vocational activities (APA, 2013). The marked impairment in motor coordination is not explainable by mental retardation or a known physical disorder. The prevalence of DCD is approximately 5–6% of all school-aged children (APA, 2013). The etiology of DCD remains unclear, but neuroimaging data suggest that neural structures involved in perceptual motor control and sensorimotor coordination such as motor cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum are altered in DCD (Biotteau et al., 2016). However, the exact neural mechanism of DCD remains elusive.
Y-Balance Test Performance and Leg Muscle Activations of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2019
Timothy Tsz Ting Yam, Shirley Siu Ming Fong
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition where around 6% of children are diagnosed with it (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Children with DCD are characterized by deficits in balance or postural control which affect their motor performance (Fong et al., 2015; Geuze, 2005). Dynamic postural control requires sustaining body positions throughout motion to preserve stability. For voluntary movements, maintaining balance relies partly on the ability of postural muscles to adapt to changes for anticipatory adjustments (Pollock, Durward, Rowe, & Paul, 2000). These neuromuscular and anticipatory postural adjustments are typically present in children between ages 6 and 7 years (Assaiante, Mallau, Viel, Jover, & Schmitz, 2005) but are impaired in children with DCD who demonstrate poor proximal stabilization and muscle activation inconsistencies (Geuze, 2005; Jover, Schmitz, Centelles, Chabrol, & Assaiante, 2010).
Preliminary Improvements in Dynamic Postural Control after A Group-based Intervention Program for Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Brief Report
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2021
Priscila Tamplain, Gabriela M. Sherrod, Chadwick Fuchs, Haylie L. Miller
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is defined as a neurodevelopmental, chronic disorder characterized by low motor proficiency, which significantly affects activities of daily living and academic achievement.1 Of these, poor balance ability is a major concern, since the combination of postural and motor control are necessary in order to effectively navigate and participate in their environment.2 Static postural control is essential in daily activity and commonly evaluated in clinical settings,3 however, individuals utilize dynamic control more often in functional tasks. In addition, there is consensus that improving postural control can significantly help with children’s participation and efficiency in several activities.4
Related Knowledge Centers
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- Parkinson's Disease
- International Classification of Diseases
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- Long-Term Memory